Information about this along with a photo, which allegedly proves the fact that Ukrainian vehicles are depicted with fascist symbols, is being distributed in social networks and Russian media.

Propagandists claim that fascist crosses are depicted on armored vehicles used by the Ukrainian army. However, the sign that can be seen in the photo has nothing to do with Nazism or fascism. The photo published on social networks shows a soldier standing against the background of an armored car. The presence of the Ukrainian flag allows us to assume that this is military machinery of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

A symbol in the form of a cross is visible on the car door. Lithuanian fact-checkers drew attention to the fake in the networks. Most likely, the emblem of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, approved in 2009 by the decree of the ex-President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko, is depicted on the door of the armored car. It is a straight equilateral cross with crimson branches, in the center of which there is an image of the Princely State Emblem of Volodymyr the Great in a round blue medallion.

By spreading such fakes, Russian propaganda once again wants to nourish the narrative that Ukrainians are Nazis.

Russian telegram channels, as part of a large narrative about “Nazi” Ukraine or “Ukrainians as descendants of Nazis”, have come up with and promote another fake: it seems that on November 16 the city of Novohrad-Volynskyi, Zhytomyr region, was renamed into Zviahel and it proves that the Ukrainian government is “Nazi”. As proof, they spread the word that the city had this name during the German occupation in 1941-1944. And indeed it is.

But at the same time, this city was called Zviahel (or modifications of this name) from the moment of its establishment - at least from the first mention of the city in 1256. And for more than 500 years it had borne this name - until the partition of Poland under Catherine II who ordered the name Zviahel to be changed to Novohrad-Volynskyi in 1795. From then until 2022, with the exception of four years of occupation, the city had the name that was invented for it under the Russian Empress, and this year the historical name was finally returned. By the way, Lesia Ukrainka and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine Valerii Zaluzhnyi were born in this city.

Such information was disseminated on their telegram by Russian propagandists. As proof, they provide a screenshot of the profiles of three women in military uniforms on Tinder, the dating application. It seems that in the information box about themselves, the servicewomen noted: “I’ll meet a guy who likes to cut Russians”, “You suit me if you want to see Russian children burn”, “Raguli (persons of low culture) from the eastern regions, don’t disturb”.

One of the photos used in such publications allegedly belongs to 25-year-old Kseniia. But this is not true. StopFake recognized the owner: she turned out to be Shura Riazantseva (call sign is Yalta), who now serves in the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

Shura Riazantseva told StopFake that she does not have a Tinder profile, and the photo she posted on April 12 was taken from her Instagram page. She wears a beret of the Ukrainian Navy in this photo.

Since the start of the all-out war against Ukraine, Russian propaganda has been spreading fake photos and videos to promote the notion that the Ukrainian military and all Ukrainians in general are Nazis. Thus, they want to justify the war that Russia unleashed in Ukraine. During the occupation, the Russians kill the civilian population, including children, justifying their crimes, they say, this is how they carry out “denazification”, destroy the Nazis who threaten the Russians and Russia.

Pro-Russian telegram channels write about this. They say that the inhabitants of Kherson began to find leaflets from the Ukrainian army, practically corresponding to those scattered by the Nazis during the Second World War.

Such postcards are distributed on social networks to draw a parallel between the Ukrainian army and the liberation of cities from Russian occupiers and the German army and the occupation of the Soviet Union.

Russian media disseminated such information with reference to a fake letter allegedly from Health Minister Viktor Liashko to Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal.

They say that Ukraine was in dire need of donor blood, so it required it from NATO member countries. After the "canned blood" seemed to have arrived in Ukraine, they decided to selectively test it and found the causative agents of almost all possible infectious diseases.

The fact that the letter from the minister is fake is evidenced by its form; it does not meet the requirements for official documents in Ukraine.

The ministry said that during the entire period of the war, Ukraine has never turned to foreign partners for donated blood or its components.

Since the first day of the war, the Ukrainians have held the “donor front” securely on their own. If there is an urgent need in the blood centers, people actively respond to requests and close such needs within a few hours.

Ukraine does not conduct random checks of blood and its components. Any donated blood or its components always and without exception undergo laboratory tests.

The Center for Strategic Communications compiled a Newspeak Dictionary of Russian Propaganda, and using examples of several words and phrases from this dictionary, showed how Newspeak works.

According to experts, Newspeak colors the language ideologically and justifies repressions and wars of conquest. Thanks to it, the annexation of Crimea is transformed into “reunification”, and the occupation of Ukrainian lands with a full-scale invasion into “liberation”. It also smooths out the negative and diminishes the scale of failures at the front. Explosions become "pops", helicopters and planes do not fall but "fall on their sides" and "make a hard landing", collisions of ships become "rapprochements". And finally, the escape of Russian troops from the Kharkiv region turns into an "organized transfer of the Izium-Balakliia group to the territory of DNR".

Experts write that with the help of Newspeak the meanings of words change. The word "fake" in Russian propaganda now means not the false information, but information that does not come from the Russian authorities and state media.

Newspeak also penetrates the vocabulary of any Russian publications or politicians, even opposition ones. They also use the word "special operation", thereby removing from Putin the responsibility for unleashing a full-scale war and "unbracketing" the war crimes of the Russian army. They also use the names of "people's republics" as if they have sovereignty, thereby giving them legitimacy. Therefore, Newspeak is the same weapon of Russia in the information war as fakes and manipulations.

A cartoon with the same name is distributed on social networks. It seems to show what is really happening in Ukraine. In the story, Volodymyr Zelenskyi becomes a puppet of Western rulers and launches an attack on the Donbas. The animated video was allegedly produced by the Barracudas agency, positioned as a “French independent studio”. It is fake. There is no information on the web about the so-called Barracudas studio, its creation or work, except for one cartoon about “Nazi Ukraine”. The studio does not have pages or channels on Facebook, Instagram or YouTube. At the same time, the video upload date on many platforms is the same - August 14-15. As VoxCheck fact-checkers note, this may indicate forced distribution from fake accounts. Fact-checkers of the Delfi project from Latvia noticed that the style of the Stop nazi games cartoon resembles the work of the Armenian animator David Sahakyants, who created the Kill Dim cartoon series two years ago. This is a political satire about Azerbaijan, which is portrayed as a puppet of Turkey and a threat to the security of Armenia. The cartoons use very similar artistic and visual imagery. For example, the dolls of Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev and Volodymyr Zelenskyi are put on the arm. Later, in both cartoons, these puppets press a button with the inscription “war”, and tanks leave for Armenia and the Donbas. The cartoon "Stop Nazi Games" promotes the key narratives of Russian disinformation about Ukraine: that Ukraine is a Nazi country that started a "civil war" against its own population in the Donbas. Previously, propagandists distributed anti-Ukrainian cartoons created by a Russian woman from Sochi, with comments that allegedly it was made by Israel.

Such a message is distributed in Telegram channels. Like, Articles 106 and 107 of the UN Charter allowed Russia to attack Ukraine. Allegedly, these articles give the "victors" of World War II the right to take action against "hostile countries". To do this, they need to communicate their plans to other "winners", but it is not necessary to obtain their consent.

The German fact-checkers of the Correctiv project drew attention to the spread of the message. They note that the UN Charter allows the use of weapons only in case of defense or with the consent of the Security Council. Telegram channels distorted the content of the UN Charter. Articles 106 and 107 state that the parties to the Declaration must cooperate in the preservation of peace and on measures taken in "hostile countries''. However, "parties" refers to those countries that signed the founding document, and not just the "winning countries". Also, the UN Committee back in 1995 proposed to exclude the so-called “hostile state” provisions from the charter since they are outdated. Now there are no hostile states in the meaning that was laid down after the Second World War, in particular, Germany and Japan are members of the UN.

Russia constantly manipulates the historical context and victory in World War II, forgetting about the contribution of other states. Russian propaganda also systematically accuses Ukraine and other states of Nazism. Previously, Russia tried to justify the invasion of Ukraine under the guise of Article 51 of the UN Charter.

In pro-Russian Telegram channels, the message of the Russian propagandist, the director of the Russian-language broadcasting of the Russia Today TV channel, Anton Krasovsky, during an interview with the Russian fiction writer Serhiy Lukyanenko, is being distributed.

Anton Krasovsky called for killing Ukrainian children, and telegram channels are already calling for the extermination of all Ukrainians. In order to emphasize the "inhumanity" of Ukrainians, the reports use a fake that the Armed Forces allegedly "carry cats and dogs with them, which are not fed for several days, so that they can then be fed to dead Russian soldiers." The fact checkers of the NotaYenot project drew attention to the spread of the message. In fact, Russian propaganda has long been talking about the "inferiority and inferiority" of Ukrainians, accusing them of Nazism and cultivating intolerance and aggression towards Ukrainians.

Propagandist Krasovsky has spread anti-Ukrainian appeals before. He claimed that the so-called "special operation" would not end until Ukraine signs its capitulation and that Ukrainian children should be taken care of only when they "become Russian." Read more about Krasovsky's statements and the reaction to them. Pro-Russian Telegram channels are also not the first to show aggression towards Ukrainians.

After the massive rocket attacks on October 10, the Russians rejoiced at the death of civilians. As a result of the strike, Ukrainians were left without electricity, water, and heat. The spread of such messages causes an obvious emotional solid reaction in Ukrainians, which is then used by propaganda for its purposes. In this way, Russian propaganda tries to impose the opinion that "Ukrainians aren't sorry." They try to justify a full-scale invasion and the deaths of thousands of people.

At the beginning of October, an anti-Ukrainian cartoon, allegedly filmed by an Israeli TV channel, began to be distributed on the network of Russian Telegram channels. The captions for the video were typical - "not all Israelis support the Nazi regime" in the east. The cartoon depicts Ukraine as a pig with swastika tattoos and a yellow-blue flag, while Russia is represented as a bear that throws out a pig in Europe. There the pig arranges pogroms and other crimes that Russian propaganda attributes to Ukrainian refugees.

At the end of the cartoon, the logo of what appeared to be the Israeli TV channel INN appeared. There are two channels in Israel. The abbreviation INN stands for both Arutz Sheva (Channel 7), which is officially called Israel International News, and Israel Now News. At the same time, the logo at the end of the cartoon is not the logo of any of these channels. Of course, there is no cartoon or any mention of it on these channels. The Israeli publication "Details" checked how this cartoon appeared in the Israeli media space and found a Telegram channel with the name INN and a logo identical to the one shown in the cartoon. This Telegram channel is conducted in two languages, Russian and Hebrew, and it contains only anti-Ukrainian fakes. The last of such fakes was information about Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who allegedly wrote the book "My Struggle." This fake has already been disproved.

After the distribution of this cartoon, it was blocked on Youtube. At the same time, a resident of Sochi named Yevgeniya gave an interview to the propaganda Telegram channel Shot. She said that she creates this anti-Ukrainian propaganda by herself. She also added that she has been "working on the information front since 2014." She has been posting these anti-Ukrainian videos since September 1 on her telegram channel "Svynka v ommoroke SVO." On October 20, she also published correspondence with the "Israeli TV channel INN," which apologized for using her cartoon and supported her fight against the "Ukrainian Nazis." The correspondence shows that the author of the cartoons wrote specifically to the address of the INN @uktoterror2 telegram channel. The channel has 1,339 subscribers and is run by a Russian-speaking Israeli woman who, for example, creates a poll about who to vote for in the upcoming Israel elections - among other politicians she suggests, Putin and Kadyrov.

Propaganda anonymous Telegram channels spread this photo fact.

In fact, the Russians drew the "swastika" on the bracelet of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, Valerii Zaluzhnyi, themselves, using a compressed image, which made the Scandinavian symbol distorted. Journalist Roman Tsymbalyuk pointed out the propagandists' lies in his Telegram channel. "The Russian conscript is assured to give his life for Zaluzhnyi's bracelet. If so, let them take a closer look at what he looks like before he leaves for the other side of the Kerch Strait in a black bag," he wrote and published a photo of an analog of Zaluzhnyi's bracelet.

A video is circulating on social networks in which children against the background of a blue-and-yellow flag allegedly sing the "unofficial Luftwaffe anthem" - Air Force of Third Reich.

The boy sings the first verse in Ukrainian (“Soldiers are coming, and weapons are with them, faith is with them, mother tongue is with them”), in the second verse he sings the words from the original song: Dann wollen wir schaffen komm fass an. This is an interpretation of the popular German song Sieben Tage lang (Was wollen wir trinken), the song has nothing to do with the Nazi German air force.

Musicologists believe that this melody was taken from a Brittany folk song (Son Ar Chistr), which was sung in the process of making and consuming apple cider. For the first time in 1929, the brothers Jean-Bernard and Jean-Marie Prima recorded it during the harvest by the peasants. The song gained popularity outside of Brittany after it was performed on harp by musician Alan Stivell in 1970.

The Russians regularly spread the thesis that the Ukrainians are Nazis to justify the war they unleashed in Ukraine. During the occupation, they massively kill the civilian population, including children, justifying their crimes, they say, this is how they carry out “denazification”, destroy the Nazis who threaten the Russians and Russia. More details.

Russian telegram channels write about such assumptions.

Allegedly, the Ukrainian special services will shake up the situation in Russia not only because of the protests, but also because of "working with mentally unstable elements."

Propagandists immediately drew parallels between the shooter from Izhevsk and Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The man who caused the shooting at the Izhevsk school was wearing a T-shirt with Nazi symbols.

Also, the man who set fire to the recruiting office in Uriupynsk, Volhograd region, was called an ardent Nazi.

Like, Nazism is always evil, Nazism kills, Nazism is the same everywhere, so Russia is forced to conduct a military-political operation against the Nazis in Ukraine.

Such a message is being spread by Russian propagandists against the backdrop of the liberation by the Armed Forces of Ukraine from Russian invaders of territories in the Kharkiv region. The reports say that for people living in the liberated territories of the Kharkiv region, a big problem will be that immediately after the soldiers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and maybe with them, real punishers will come. Like, they showed themselves perfectly in the fight against civilians even before the war: they fearlessly killed prisoners, fought against the flow of humanitarian aid, etc. The authors of such messages add that people in the liberated territories need to be careful. 

In addition, according to the Center for Counteracting Disinformation under the National Security and Defense Council, Russian propaganda accuses the Ukrainian authorities of plans to persecute traitors and collaborators among the residents of the territories of Ukraine de-occupied from the Russian occupiers. And Russia calls on international organizations to “force Kyiv to abandon punitive measures against civilians”; appeals to all UN states "to influence Kyiv in order to prevent severe humanitarian consequences for civilians"; accuses the Armed Forces of Ukraine of "looting, torture, beatings, in order to later shift the responsibility for their crimes to Russia".

In fact, the Armed Forces of Ukraine do not persecute the civilian population in the liberated Ukrainian territories. Since the liberation of cities and villages from Russian invaders, dozens of videos have appeared on the network, which show how civilians welcome the Ukrainian military with hugs and thank them for their struggle. However, Russia once again seeks to create the image of evil Ukrainians-punishers who mock their citizens; torture them, etc.

Thus, the propaganda wants to justify the war that Russia started in Ukraine. Like, the Russian army came precisely to liberate the Ukrainians from the captivity of the terrible Nazi punishers. In addition, the Kremlin seeks to create an alibi for itself regarding the possible discovery of war crimes by the Russian army in the liberated territories in order to avoid negative reputational consequences by analogy with the tragedy in Bucha.

Photos of a man with a bunch of Nazi tattoos are circulating on social networks. Particularly with the swastika. The text circulating along with the photo says that the photo is of Ukrainian Vadym Troian, a former head of the Kyiv police.

However, this is not true. As Correctiv analysts have found out, the bald man in the photograph is not Vadym Troian, but a Russian neo-Nazi from St. Petersburg Oleksii Maksymov. At the same time, Ukrainian Vadym Troian was mentioned in the media when he was appointed as a chief of police in Kyiv in 2014. He has been repeatedly called a right-wing extremist, but he is not in the photo on the Internet.

According to analysts, fake photos have been circulating online since Troian was appointed as a head of the agency in 2014. It is beneficial to distribute such propaganda’s photos as confirmation that Ukrainians are Nazis. Earlier, photos of two men with Nazi tattoos, allegedly depicting Ukrainian refugees in Rijeka (Croatia), were distributed on social networks. In some reports, the photo served as an excuse for the Russian invasion of Ukraine. 

A wedding photo in front of a monument with a blue-and-yellow flag, in which brides and guests raised their hands in a gesture similar to the Nazi salute, is being shared with foreign audiences on social media. Like, nothing special, just another ordinary day in the life of Ukrainians. Also in the comments to the photo they write that foreigners should not support Ukrainians in the war because Russia was “right” when talking about Nazism in Ukraine. This photo is fake.

As the Reuters fact-checkers established, the photo was digitally processed. This is not the first time the photos have been shared on social media. It was previously distributed back in 2016. Also, the color of the flag has been changed, in the first photos the flag is black and yellow. In 2018, the fake photo was proved by OBOZREVATEL. Probably, the photo was taken in Russia in the city of Novokuznetsk. This was identified by the monument.

This is not the first time Russia has resorted to the dissemination of fake photos in order to confirm the narrative that Ukrainians are Nazis. Previously, photos of half-naked supposedly Ukrainian “Nazi refugees” in Croatia were used for this.

The Russian media spread the information that the head of the EU Foreign Service called Russia a “fascist state”. And since he supports Ukraine and its government in the war with Russia, then the hidden fascist himself would support Franco's dictatorship in Spain.

This story is given by euvsdisinfo.eu. First, Borrell did not call Russia fascist, but only referred to a reservation made by a speaker at the Inter-Parliamentary Conference in the Czech Republic. And secondly, Borrell is a Spaniard and a representative of the Socialist Party, his public service and track record prove that he opposed the Franco regime and was an active participant in Spain's transition to democratic governance.

Pulling words out of context and distorting them, blaming Ukraine, the EU, the UK, etc. in being “fascists” is a typical tactic in pro-Kremlin disinformation ecosystems where anyone who disagrees with Russia can be labeled as a fascist. This is done in order to play on the sensitivity of the topic of the Second World War for Russians, to cause a sharply negative attitude for everyone who is branded with such a cliché.

The well-known photograph, replicated by social networks, next to Hitler and Goebbels shows not the grandmother of the Canadian Deputy Prime Minister Chrystia Freeland, but the wife of the Nazi Reich Propaganda Minister Magda Goebbels.

Writes “Reuters”. At the same time, the agency refers to several Facebook and Twitter accounts at once, some of which are verified.

However, the original source of this photo is from the media company Getty Images. There, a similar photograph is dated to the 1930s and bears the caption: “German dictator and Nazi leader Adolf Hitler (1889–1945) (center back) stands with Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels (1897–1945), his wife Magda (1901 - 1945) and their three older children”.

This lie is also spread by pro-Russian channels and accounts in order to accuse the Deputy Prime Minister, who is of Ukrainian origin, of having Nazi supporters in her family, and thus to compromise her. Meanwhile, Chrystia Freeland and Canada remain among Ukraine’s closest foreign partners.

Russian media quoted Russian leader Volodymyr Putin as saying at an economic forum in Vladyvostok that a huge number of Ukrainians hate the Kyiv regime and are under the yoke of neo-Nazis. It's fake.

StopFake reports this and cites data from the last three sociological studies. Thus, on the eve of the Independence Day of Ukraine on August 24, the Rating sociological group conducted a comprehensive study of various markers of Ukrainian patriotism. 74% of Ukrainians assessed the direction of development in the country as correct, 13% believe that it is moving in the wrong direction, and the same number found it difficult to answer the question.

At the end of June, the Rating sociological group conducted a survey commissioned by the Center for Analytical Research (CISR) of the International Republican Institute (IRI), and, among other things, received the following results: 81% answered that they believe that Ukraine will win this war, 16% replied that they will probably win. Also, 88% strongly approve the actions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, 10% generally approve the actions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and in second place is President Zelenskyi (59% strongly approve his actions, 32% generally approve them).

The results of a sociological survey conducted by the Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation with the sociological service of the Razumkov Center from August 5 to 12, 2022 also showed the high faith of Ukrainians in victory (over 90%), as well as pride of their citizenship (about 90%). In addition, 87.3% of men and 89.5% of women answered that they would like to build their future life in Ukraine.

This misinformation is being spread by the Russian media to justify the war of conquest launched by Russia against Ukraine, allegedly defending the rights of oppressed Ukrainians. In fact, there is no justification for the cruelty of the crimes of the Russian army.

Russian media and pro-Russian resources write about this. Allegedly, there is a classical Ukrainian language, very close to the Russian language and which every Russian understands. Like, it's just a version of the Russian language. The modern Ukrainian language is allegedly the work of political technologists. As if Russian words are replaced by a large number of Polish and English words. And this “artificial, totalitarian and terrorist” modern Ukrainian language is taught to schoolchildren. That is why, according to the Russians, it is necessary to completely eliminate this “artificially created language”, since it originates from the “terrorist methods” of Ukrainian nationalists.

Ukrainian is a real language that has been different from Russian for many centuries. It is more similar to other Slavic languages ​​than to Russian.

They tried to destroy the Ukrainian language many times, and forcibly russify Ukrainians. Targeted bans and oppression of the Ukrainian language with the aim of its destruction and assimilation in Ukraine are called linguocide.

This opinion of Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu was disseminated by the pro-Kremlin media and telegram channels. Like, many residents of Ukraine did not indulge the ruling regime in its Nazi aspirations.

Such messages are part of a propaganda campaign against Ukraine and Europe to prove that the Russian army is “liberating” the world and, in particular, Ukraine from Nazism. This is one of the contrived reasons for Russia's war in Ukraine.

Such information is disseminated by Russian and anonymous telegrams.

Immediately after the car explosion, the so-called head of the part of the Donetsk region occupied since 2014, Denys Pushylin, said that it was the terrorists of the Ukrainian regime who tried to eliminate the "ideologist of Putin" Oleksandr Duhin, and blew up his daughter Daria.

Russian propagandist, editor-in-chief of the Rossiia Sehodnia news agency, head of the Russia Today TV channel Margaryta Simonian demands strikes on decision-making centers in Kyiv.

Anonymous telegram channels write that the channels of the President's Office began to "dance victoriously on the death" of Duhin's daughter, which indirectly confirmed Bankova's participation in this event.

The murder of Duhina is supposedly a victory for the Security Service of Ukraine, the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine and the British, who were preparing the Ukrainian military for a "partisan" war.

Allegedly, the Office of the President of Ukraine hunted Duhin in order to spread panic among the Russians. Mykhailo Podoliak, adviser to the head of the OPU, said on the air of the telethon that Ukraine had nothing to do with the bombing of Daria Duhina. In his opinion, propagandists will use this to increase the ideological informational pressure on Russian society: "Let's go massacre Ukrainians."

Another theory of propagandists is that now the Russians will want their missiles to fly at different Arestovyches, Podoliaks and others.

A criminal case has been initiated on the murder, an investigation is underway, there are no official statements from the investigators yet. From the Office of the President of Ukraine, no one arranged any dances at the death of Duhin's daughter.

Propagandists say that today's behavior of Europe is reminiscent of the behavior of Nazi Germany. This seems to be similar to the case when signs “Juden sind hier unerwünscht” (“Jews are not welcome here”) appeared in Germany after 1933. Today's discussion about visas is like a European sign "Russians are not needed here."

According to EUvsDISINFO project fact-checkers, the decision to ban Schenhen visas for Russian citizens has not yet been made. The solution will be discussed at the meeting of EU foreign ministers in Prague at the end of August 2022. The ban on visas for Russian citizens was initiated by Estonian Prime Minister Kaja Kallas, who believes that "visiting Europe is a privilege, not a human right." These words were spoken in the context of a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine. The idea of ​​a visa ban was supported by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyi. He said Russians "should live in their own world until they change their philosophy."

This is stated in a letter allegedly signed by the Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of Poland, Marcin Przydacz. It is not true.

The letter from the Polish Foreign Ministry is a fake response to a fake letter from the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry. The "letter of response" speaks of a positive decision to rename a street in Warsaw in honor of Stepan Bandera, which houses the Russian embassy. In addition, the "letter" refers to the ways of future promotion of Bandera among the Polish population. According to the Center for Countering Disinformation, a bot account on the social network Facebook, which contains almost no messages of other messages, was likely the primary source.

The Center for Counteracting Disinformation under the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine discovered a fake letter in the information space, allegedly on behalf of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. In it, the Ukrainian Foreign Ministry seems to appeal to its Polish colleagues with a request to rename the street in Warsaw in honor of Stepan Bandera, where the Russian embassy is located. The goal of the fake is to discredit Ukraine, warned the CPD.