In pro-Russian public pages, messages are circulating with testimonies of alleged eyewitnesses who saw dark-skinned, heavily armed foreign mercenaries in Izium. And in Kozacha Lopan, they allegedly speak only English.

According to the Center for Strategic Communications and Information Security, the propaganda narrative “Western weapons are only prolonging the conflict in Ukraine” gradually grew into “NATO has come, otherwise we would have piled on the Ukrainians.” There is no evidence that NATO troops are in Ukraine. In Ukrainian public and social networks, videos are being distributed from cities and villages liberated from Russian infidels, where it is clear that it is the Ukrainian army that is repelling Russian invaders.

Previously, propaganda attributed the dismissal of Vovchansk to NATO troops. By spreading fakes about NATO or US troops in Ukraine, the Russians are trying to justify their defeat and hide their shame, because at the beginning of the full-scale invasion, the propagandists devalued and ridiculed the Ukrainian military and planned to “take Kyiv in three days.”