This is the thesis that pro-Russian users share in social networks. It was also distributed by a number of pro-Kremlin propaganda media. Reports say EU High Representative Josep Borrell has called on all Europeans to turn off the heating in their homes.

Like, the Europeans were actually asked to freeze to death so that “democratic ideals” would not suffer. “We are faced with a choice between freedom and comfort. We talked a lot about the willingness to die for the ideals of democracy, it's time to prove it”, propagandists quote Borrell. And they add that, allegedly, according to him, the temperature in apartments above +18 degrees is a crime against European values.

However, this is not true. EU vs Disinfo analysts found that EU High Representative Josep Borrell did not make such a statement. It spread from the @lastoppo telegram channel of political and satirical content, the information about which indicates that satirical and false information is published on the channel. However, Russian propagandists picked up this fake and decided to pass it off as the truth.

At the same time, several EU governments have indeed urged their citizens to lower their heating temperatures in order to reduce gas dependence on Russia. However, it does not mean that people are encouraged to freeze to death for the sake of the ideals of democracy. In fact, Russia is systematically spreading the thesis that the Europeans will not survive the coming winter because of the sanctions imposed against Russia. In this way, propagandists nourish two Russian narratives: about a decaying Europe and about sanctions that allegedly harm the EU more than Russia.

Also, due to such theses, Russia intimidates Europeans and creates the appearance that without the help of Russia itself, European governments cannot provide comfort and protection for their citizens.

Messages of such content were shared by the Russian propaganda media. Like, “the head of the Ukrainian junta, Mr. Zelenskyi”, during the G20 demanded guarantees of food security for Ukraine. Like, Kyiv does not want to be responsible for the fact that there is not enough food in Ukraine, because, according to propagandists, it was necessary to immediately stop the export of grain across the country's borders if Ukraine does not have enough food. The reports added that Russia, in turn, would certainly help Ukraine with food, but only within those territories that it allegedly recognized as its own - in the temporarily occupied territories.

Analysts of the EU vs Disinfo project drew attention to the case. On November 15, President Volodymyr Zelenskyi spoke at the G20 summit and said that Ukraine had taken part in the World Food Security Program and launched the Grain from Ukraine initiative to help countries facing famine. He did not ask for help from Russia and did not declare a famine in Ukraine in 2022/2023. However, he mentioned the energy security plan, because Russia is methodically destroying the Ukrainian energy infrastructure before winter.

“You can see what the Russian terror is aimed at now. This is an attempt to turn the cold into a weapon. A weapon against millions of people”, Zelenskyi said. In fact, the fact that Ukraine could potentially have a problem with food is not the fault of the Ukrainian authorities or the West, but of Russia, which started a war on the territory of Ukraine, stole Ukrainian grain and vegetables from the temporarily occupied territories, and so on.

The problem due to the lack of Ukrainian grain may also arise in other countries, and Russia is also to blame for this. However, it is beneficial for Russia to promote the thesis that Zelenskyi and the leaders of the so-called Western countries are driving Ukraine and other states to a food crisis.

Like, it was they who with their policies brought people to troubles, because they do not care about the lives of ordinary Ukrainians and Europeans. From this angle, Russia is no longer an aggressor, but a savior of peoples, because it is ready to “help” and correct the mistakes of the leaders of other countries. This is a common tactic of propagandists: shifting responsibility for their actions to others.

Such information was disseminated by pro-Russian users of social networks and Kremlin propaganda media. Reports said that an accident occurred during the dismantling of a monument to Russian poet Oleksandr Pushkin in Zhytomyr, Ukraine.

Like, one of the activists who advocated the removal of the monument, the bust of the monument fell on his head and the man died. Propagandists added vivid quotations to their texts. For example, they claimed that the bust "smashed the head of the leader of Russophobes like an egg". However, this is fake. Analysts of the Myth Detector project drew attention to the case.

In fact, the information about the injury and death of a person during the dismantling of the bust of Pushkin is untrue. From the photo and video materials released by various media, it is clear that no one was injured during the dismantling of the monument. Although the monument itself in Zhytomyr was indeed dismantled on November 11. The video of the incident was published by the press service of the Zhytomyr City Council on Facebook.

The video shows how local utilities remove the bronze bust and erase the name of the Russian writer from the pedestal. The video shows that the bust, transferred to the truck, is not damaged. And the person who participated in the dismantling descends from the stairs and pushes the stepladder to the side. The footage shows that the man was not hurt.

Such information is spread on social networks and Russian propaganda media. Reports say that Ukrainian refugees in Germany have opened a second-hand shop there and are selling items that were given to them as humanitarian aid. As evidence, propagandists publish a video filmed by two women, whose voices are heard off-screen.

In the video, they discuss the opening of the Ukrainian second-hand store Sonnechko (The sun) “in the city center”, but do not specify which one. However, this is fake. Fact-checkers from StopFake drew attention to the information about the allegedly second-hand humanitarian aid. According to them, Ukrainians who have opened a second-hand store in Germany are selling things that they officially purchased in the UK. The clothes sold have nothing to do with the German government and any humanitarian and charitable organizations in this country.

However, Russian propaganda needs such a fake to once again discredit Ukrainian refugees and nourish the narrative that they are destroying Europe, cashing in on the assistance provided to them by the governments of partner countries.

The Russian media and social networks are spreading information that allegedly Italy has tightened its policy towards Ukrainian refugees. In support of this, a video from an Italian TV news story is being distributed about how the police massively evict Ukrainian refugees who refused to voluntarily leave the hotel. This is manipulation.

The video of the Italian TV channel tells about the situation with Ukrainian refugees, but it is taken out of context. They are not talking about any "harder conditions". Moreover, Ukrainian refugees in Italy were given separate housing instead of a hotel. That is why the authorities asked the Ukrainians to leave the hotel for separate apartments. However, some Ukrainians did not want to move to new housing, since it is located in another settlement. Because of the move, you need to look for work and school again, to change language courses and so on. Also, some refugees are being treated at a local hospital. That is, it was about the fact that Ukrainian refugees, for certain reasons, do not want to move to another city, and not move out of the hotel.

Such posts are periodically shared on social networks. They add that these are allegedly Ukrainian servicemen and women who went to defend their country. Sometimes photos of injured people are distributed with such captions. Like, the military is losing limbs protecting all of us, and no one welcomes them. However, these are not always true photos.

Fact checkers of the project “Beyond the News” recorded the re-circulation of a photograph of a man with amputated legs and the caption “this hero defended his homeland. Today is his birthday. No one wished him a happy birthday". The post was liked by 3.5 thousand people, and shared by almost a thousand. A 33-year-old Mark Camamile from the UK is in the picture. In 2016, he came down with what he thought was the flu. However, when Mark went to the hospital, he was diagnosed with pneumonia, which developed into a rare form of septicemia. As a result, the man had to amputate both legs and his right arm.

The motivation for spreading photos with fake comments is unclear. Fact checkers suggest that because of such messages they want to arouse depressive moods in people, such as “our heroes risk their lives, die, but at the same time no one remembers them, no one needs them”. In general, a lot of messages are distributed on social networks with requests to congratulate strangers, especially children or military personnel, on some occasions: their birthday, marriage or other holidays. We urge you to check the information in such messages so as not to become part of incomprehensible manipulations.

Earlier, Detector Media talked about a similar case when they asked to greet a dead military man on his birthday. Fake photos of supposedly Ukrainian soldiers who sleep in snowdrifts during the war are also being distributed. 

Russian media write about this with reference to the words of collaborator Rohov. Like, the Ukrainian authorities use people as a human shield to cover military facilities. Allegedly, even large families, the elderly, and students were banned from leaving. Allegedly, in Zaporizhzhia, the Armed Forces of Ukraine use the “layer cake” tactics, when the military live surrounded by civilians, and the military depots are surrounded by civilian objects. It is not true.

There are no restrictions for residents of Zaporizhzhia to travel within Ukraine or abroad. For example, there are available tickets on the Ukrzaliznytsia website. For the security of Ukrainians, there are restrictions on leaving for the occupied territories after the shelling of a column of civilians at the checkpoint on October 2. Propagandists also systematically report that supposedly Ukrainian servicemen are hiding behind the civilian population. However, such information is denied every time by local authorities.

Russian media and telegram channels write that power outages in Odesa are due to “switching to Western Ukraine''. In confirmation of this fact, anonymous comments are allegedly cited by local residents who allegedly found out about this at “Oblenergo”. They also add that allegedly the authorities once again neglect the interests of the southeastern part of Ukraine in favor of Western residents. This is not true.

As StopFake writes, Odesa is really suffering, but not from “electricity transmission to Lviv”. On November 15, Russia attacked Ukraine's energy infrastructure.

Deputy Head of the President's Office Kyrylo Tymoshenko said that 15 objects were damaged. On the same day, Volodymyr Kudrytskyi, Chairman of the Board of NPC Ukrenergo, announced emergency power outages throughout the country.

A few days later, the mayor of Odesa, Hennadii Trukhanov, announced that emergency shutdowns of energy consumers continued to stabilize and balance the city's energy system. This fact was also confirmed by DTEK “Odesa Electric Networks”, the operator of the electricity distribution system in the city. According to DTEK, as a result of damage by Russians to Ukrainian power grids, emergency power outages were applied to more than 70% of the Odesa region.

Now 55 repair teams are working in the region to restore power supply. By the morning of November 19, power supply was resumed in 400,000 houses in the Odesa region.

Russian propaganda deliberately uses the situation to promote the narrative about the division of Ukrainians by region of residence. Earlier they wrote that there are “more and less important” areas for the Ukrainian authorities.

Tiktok is circulating news which says that the Bundestag allegedly introduces a “solidarity tax”, which will be automatically calculated from wages to help Ukrainians. Like, such a decision was made due to the fact that Germany should support Ukraine with 500 million dollars a month. It is not true.

According to the fact checker of the Correctiv project, the video was published on Tiktok on October 31, it gained more than 815,000 views and 2,100 comments. Its primary source is a satirical account. However, in further shares, users often did not tag the video as satirical, so it received a lot of negative comments.

Fact checkers received a comment from the Federal Government in which the authorities denied the imposition of an additional tax. The government did discuss certain changes in taxation, but it was about existing taxes, and not about introducing new ones.

У такий спосіб проросійські користувачі намагаються нашкодити партнерським стосункам України та Німеччини, а також налаштувати німців проти допомоги Україні.

Allegedly, this was stated at a briefing by the Chairman of the Committee of the Chiefs of Staff of the US Armed Forces, General Mark Milley, Russian websites reported. They say that the American military department calls the chances of success of the Armed Forces of Ukraine on the battlefield "low".

General Milli didn't actually say that. He only suggested that the likelihood that Ukraine will liberate all of its territory exclusively by military means in the next few weeks is negligible. At the same time, Milley stressed that the likelihood of a Russian victory over Ukraine is "close to zero" because Russia has not achieved its strategic goals in Ukraine, and now cannot achieve its operational and tactical goals as well.

For the past few years, as soon as the first snow falls, a photo of a man sleeping outdoors in the snow has been circulating on social networks. Allegedly, this is a Ukrainian military man and this is the “price of free Ukraine”.

This is a photo fake. Analysts at Beyond the News found that the photographs are at least 10 years old and were taken before the Russian-Ukrainian war. It is not the Ukrainian military, but depicts the training of the so-called Russian special forces for survival.

Previously, this photo illustrated tearful Ukrainian poetry, messages raising funds for warm clothes for the Ukrainian military, patriotic messages in Georgian “about the price of peace” and even news from December 2014 that “ATO soldiers spend the night in the trenches under a “blanket” from the snow".

Allegedly, Ukraine has increased its export revenue by 2.5 times due to the fact that electricity is cut off in many regions. Such information is disseminated by the Russian media and propagandists.

In fact, the export of electricity from Ukraine was stopped on October 11, 2022 by the decision of the Ministry of Energy, immediately after the first Russian attack on the energy system. By this time, from January to October 2022, Ukraine has indeed increased its revenue from electricity exports by 2.5 times, or by $326.9 million compared to the same period in 2021, to $542.514 million.

Propagandists used this data, allegedly in Ukraine they not only export electricity abroad, but also increased revenue. Like, it caused massive blackouts.

"Such speculation is a vivid example of disinformation and an element of the information war waged against us by the enemy", they say in the Kyiv regional military administration.

Russian media write that at the airport in Bali (Indonesia) the Russian delegation was allegedly greeted with an "updated" map of Russia with the temporarily occupied Luhansk, Donetsk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions of Ukraine as part of Russia. It is not true.

StopFake fact-checkers write that Russian propaganda telegram channels were the first to spread the news. There are no other photos of this map on the network. Even the Russian media used the same photo as the telegram channels to illustrate the fake, it was a map with the circled temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. There is no information about who exactly took this “photo”.

InVID and FotoForensics check shows that this banner was most likely created in a photo editor. Also, a detailed examination of the "banner" shows its poor quality: on the right side of the image in the middle you can see how poorly the background behind the map is drawn, which is unlikely for such a major international event.

Earlier, propagandists wrote that Russia “has the right” to Ukrainian territories, since the West recognized the independence of Kosovo. Thus, the propaganda creates the illusion that the world supposedly supports Russia, but not Ukraine.

Russian media write about it. Like, during the announcement of the verdict on the downing of the MH17 Boeing, the judge stressed that it was a "non-international armed conflict in Ukraine." This is not true.

An international court judge said that in April 2014, Ukrainian troops fought against separatist groups controlled by Russia. The judge also stressed that the defendants do not have the right to use the immunity granted to the soldiers of the warring parties, since the representatives of the separatist formations are not soldiers of the Russian army. The Insider fact-checkers drew attention to the spread of the fake. Fact-checkers of the NatoYenota project recorded the spread of and refuted the fake that allegedly Ukraine was recognized as the “main criminal” in the case of downing the MH17.

A blurry video is circulating online showing a man dancing with a rocket launcher. Users in the comments write that this is allegedly Volodymyr Zelenskyi, the President of Ukraine, and add other emotional disapproving comments. In particular, they are ironic about the fact that in this way Zelenskyi is begging for weapons from Western partners. This video is fake.

The spread of the fake was noticed by Reuters fact-checkers. They determined that the video featured comedian Max "Komikadze" parodying the Ukrainian president.

Russian propaganda systematically spreads fakes in relation to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyi. Thus, they are trying to discredit him in the eyes of Ukrainians and foreign partners. To do this, the propagandists wrote that Zelenskyi was using Chroma key to imitate his presence in Ukraine, while "in fact" he fled from Kyiv towards the border with Poland.

Russian media and telegram channels disseminate information that the man who allegedly starred in the story of the French AFP media from liberated Kherson is a military man from Kyiv who “came to carry out repressions”. It seems that his name is Yevhen Mykolayovych Pondin, and he is the commander of the National Guard company in military unit 3030. They say that this is how the Ukrainian media created “the illusion of support for the liberation of Kherson by the Ukrainian military”. Some media wrote that "Ukraine brought extras to Kherson for staged events". It is not true.

As StopFake writes, the man who appears in the AFP report from Kherson, liberated by Ukrainian troops, is indeed a Kherson resident. On the same day, he gave an interview to the film crew of the “Nastoiashcheie vremia” (Current Time) TV channel. Fact-checkers using facial recognition technology found several profiles of this man in social networks, confirming the name, age of the man and that he lives in Kherson. In the military unit No 3030, where the man allegedly "serves", they refuted his belonging to this unit.

Propagandists and anonymous telegram channels circulate such news. Their reports say that Volodymyr Zelenskyi was greeted in a hostile and welcoming way and even scolded during his arrival in Kherson. Like, the president was confused by such a reaction and did not know what to do. At the same time, Kherson residents show with all their being that Ukraine is not welcome here. However, this is not true.

In fact, according to EU vs Disinfo fact-checkers, this news is not true. In the liberated Kherson, when journalists from different countries recorded many testimonies of local residents who greeted the Ukrainian army, cried, gave flowers to Ukrainian soldiers and treated them to portions of borshch, eyewitnesses talked about war crimes committed by the invaders.

Earlier, Detector Media already mentioned that propagandists called the video filmed by Kherson residents after the liberation of the city staged.

Propagandists are trying to refute the fact that Ukrainians are waiting for the liberation of territories. Thus, they want to justify their thesis that Ukrainians are happy to see Russia on their territory and allegedly prove themselves that they are part of Russia.

Propagandists and anonymous telegram channels spread this news. Such messages say that the United States has financial interests to get the war in Ukraine to be ongoing, since American companies profit from arms sales to a very great extent. However, this is not true.

For example, according to experts from EU vs Disinfo, with reference to the American edition of The Washington Post, which announced the invitation of Ukraine to the negotiating table. The United States was the initiator of this. One of the reasons for the negotiations is the reduction of the US military arsenal. Concern is growing in the US and its allies about keeping supplying Ukraine with state-of-the-art systems and ammunition as “some of the challenges the US is facing in terms of supporting Ukraine include its “dwindling” stockpiles of arms”, the article says. This statement is unfounded, because the United States does not mean to continue the war, supplying even more weapons.

Propagandists spread this fake to undermine the authority of the West, which allegedly helps Ukraine only for its own benefit. However, the unconditional assistance provided to Ukraine to protect itself from Russian aggression indicates that the civilized world helps us in any way without its own benefit.

This information was disseminated by the Polish resource Dziennik Polityczny. The publication’s material said that a Pentagon representative sent American troops to Poland, so the authors supposedly decided that Poland was preparing for war and deploying a new front. However, this is not true.

According to the Center for Countering Disinformation, this is not an official statement from Poland. That is, by sending the military to the eastern borders of NATO, Poland is only defending itself and not attacking anybody.

Also, in an interview with the Polska Times, Polish Defense Minister Mariusz Blaszczak stressed that the country does deploy American soldiers on its territory but only for defense purposes.

Dziennik Polityczny is a portal that has been operating since 2014. It has been repeatedly identified as an organization that spreads misinformation, especially on military topics. Fake materials about American troops in Poland as well as the Polish command have become a characteristic feature of the site. The resource publishes fake news next to reliable materials, thus resorting to manipulation. Recently, the portal published a pseudo-map where Ukraine is divided into several pieces between Poland and Russia.

Such news is spread by propagandists and anonymous telegrams. The reports say that the European Commission is moving military forces to the east, to the borders of Ukraine, which indicates that the EU allegedly seeks to take control of part of the territory of Ukraine because of economic interests. Like, all EU countries will divide a part of Ukraine among themselves. However, this is not true.

In fact, according to EU vs Disinfo experts, the assertion that other EU countries will take Ukrainian territories is unfounded. EU member states respect international law regarding state borders, fully support the independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine, and do not put forward any claims to Ukrainian territory.

The very statement about the transfer of military forces to the eastern borders of the European Union, distorted by propagandists, was announced during the development of the Action Plan for military mobility, which regulates a simplified procedure for the response of the Armed Forces on the territory of the EU.

Пропагандисти поширюють цей меседж, аби залякати українців та продовжувати підсилювати наратив про те, що ніхто не зацікавлений в Україні як повноцінній державі. Мовляв, усі країни лишень хочуть її розділити. Однак активна підтримка європейської спільноти свідчить про інше.

Anonymous telegram channels that try to impersonate Ukrainians, such as “Naspravdi” (Actually) or “In reality in Kharkiv”, distribute a fake cover of Charlie Hebdo the French satirical magazine, which appeared to have been released on November 16 and was dedicated to the fall of a rocket in the Polish city of Przewodów where two people died. The cover says "Volyn massacre 2.0" as well as a Polish swear word. In fact, the next issue of the magazine came out on November 16, but on its cover is the French businessman and billionaire Vincent Bolloré.

Russian propaganda constantly invents the covers of famous magazines in order to promote the messages they need and in this case they say that it is Ukraine that is to blame for the tragedy in the Polish town. In fact, NATO, Poland and the United States have already stated that in any case, Russia, responsible for the deaths of two Poles, either launched a direct missile attack or started a war in Ukraine, which led to the fall of a Ukrainian missile. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyi said it was not a Ukrainian missile, but is awaiting the conclusions of an investigation by Polish experts. Ukraine is also participating in the investigation into the circumstances of the tragedy.

It's hard to imagine, but Russian "experts" are spreading a new version of what happened in Poland. According to them, on November 15, Ukraine launched two rockets into Poland, which killed two people, in order to “derail the grain agreement”, and thus “blame Russia for creating a food crisis” in the world. It is not entirely clear how the murder of two farmers can lead to the cancellation of the grain deal, and how Ukraine is interested in this disruption, but it is obvious why such a thesis is spread by the Russian propaganda media: they now need to explain why the agreement was extended by 120 days, despite the fact that Russia, and Putin himself, has constantly threatened to withdraw from the agreement.

Now, despite such incomprehensible arguments, one can say: although Ukraine tried to disrupt the grain agreement, Russia resisted, won and extended it in order to show the whole world that it does not want to provoke a famine. In fact, Russia has already caused a global food crisis: it stole grain and agricultural products from Ukraine; burned fields and destroyed elevators; blocked almost all seaports from which Ukraine could supply its products. And at some point it even announced that it was terminating the agreement due to fake reports that it was Ukraine that attacked the Russian Black Sea fleet launching drones from ships carrying grain.

But both Ukraine and Turkey ignored Russia's threats to terminate the agreement and continued to export grain, and that is why Russia stopped claiming to have withdrawn from the agreement. And today, the agreement itself was extended automatically, however, on November 19 the agreement could be terminated if one of the parties has significant comments or objections. No one, not even Russia, had such, so the agreement was automatically extended for another 120 days. Now Russian propagandists are trying hard to explain why Putin said two weeks ago that Russia would withdraw from the agreement, and now it has been extended for four months, and Russia has not even bargained for additional terms. That is why they come up with explanations about how heroically they did not allow Ukraine to disrupt the agreement.

The Kremlin media are spreading another fake - that Ukrainian recruits who are studying in the UK are "shocked by the seen" as the "ignorant" "came from the villages" and it will be “difficult for them to resist those mobilized and trained from Russia”. The Kremlin media cite an article by the Financial Times. The article is really talking about the training of the Ukrainian military, and the instructors really talk about several problems in training the Ukrainians: the training lasts 5-6 weeks while the British military has 14 weeks. And the Ukrainians are from different units, so it will be difficult for them in the future when they return to their own units. But this is all.

Not a word is mentioned about "villages", about "lack of education", or that the Ukrainian military is "shocked" by training conditions that simulate conditions close to combat - including a lot of blood and torn off fake limbs; there are also actors playing the roles of the wounded. All these phrases about “not professional enough” Ukrainian recruits were simply invented by Russian propagandists and added to the news, referring to the Financial Times. At the same time, the following phrase was thrown out of the text by Lieutenant Colonel Harris, who supervises Ukrainian recruits:

“They are the most motivated, determined, hungry-to-learn trainees that I’ve worked with across the world in my 20 years of soldiering. That they train in water up to their knees for 36 hours and can still laugh, joke and quickly answer questions says it all for me.”

Russian propaganda is constantly trying to convince their local audience and part of the Ukrainian that mobilization will “turn the tide” of events at the front and that the Ukrainian military does not know how to fight. They attribute Russia's defeats in the war to the abilities of mythical "foreign mercenaries" and "NATO command".

Russian telegram channels, as part of a large narrative about “Nazi” Ukraine or “Ukrainians as descendants of Nazis”, have come up with and promote another fake: it seems that on November 16 the city of Novohrad-Volynskyi, Zhytomyr region, was renamed into Zviahel and it proves that the Ukrainian government is “Nazi”. As proof, they spread the word that the city had this name during the German occupation in 1941-1944. And indeed it is.

But at the same time, this city was called Zviahel (or modifications of this name) from the moment of its establishment - at least from the first mention of the city in 1256. And for more than 500 years it had borne this name - until the partition of Poland under Catherine II who ordered the name Zviahel to be changed to Novohrad-Volynskyi in 1795. From then until 2022, with the exception of four years of occupation, the city had the name that was invented for it under the Russian Empress, and this year the historical name was finally returned. By the way, Lesia Ukrainka and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine Valerii Zaluzhnyi were born in this city.

Russian propaganda media massively disseminate the statement of the head of the Lublin city council Yaroslav Pakula, who allegedly accused Ukraine of provocation, that is, of the deliberate shelling of the Polish city of Przewoduv, where on November 15 two people died from a rocket fall.

“Obviously, this is a Ukrainian missile. Obviously, this is a provocation on the part of the Ukrainian authorities. The purpose of the provocation is to speed up the supply of weapons to Ukraine, to intimidate Europe with a terrible Russia, so that civil society demands from the governments of European countries to increase assistance to Ukraine”, Pakula’s words are allegedly quoted in publications. But the StopFake project found out that the Facebook page on which this post was published was created on November 16, 2022. That is the day after the missile hit. Moreover, all the posts posted on it were also made public exactly on November 16 but the date in them was changed to the previous ones. At the time of publication of the news of the Russian media, which quoted "Pakula", there was not a single like or share of this post. Fact checkers have contacted Pakula and are waiting for his comment, but it is clear that the Facebook page was created on purpose to spread disinformation.

Previously, Russian propagandists have repeatedly used fake pages of politicians or media to spread fakes. Russia is also trying to quarrel with its closest neighbors and partners, so it constantly promotes fakes about Poland and its relations with Ukraine.