Russian propagandists are spreading information on social networks that Ukrainian children are allegedly beaten in Polish schools for speaking Ukrainian. As proof, they show screenshots of falsified Google reviews. However, in reality, these “reviews” are falsified, and in the original texts they complained about completely different things, in particular, repairs or the quality of teaching.

VoxCheck writes about this. Its experts found out that although some cases of aggression towards Ukrainian students in Poland were recorded, Polish human rights activists point out that these are more isolated incidents than systematic discrimination. Previously, Russian propaganda tried to spread hostility between Ukrainians and Poles, claiming that Poles bribe schools so that their children do not study with Ukrainians, or that during the flood, Ukrainian refugees are placed in hotels, and Poles in camps.

The aim of spreading this disinformation is to incite hostility between Ukrainians and Poles, as well as to undermine trust between allies in Europe. Russian propaganda attempts to sow distrust towards Poland as a country that provides shelter to Ukrainian refugees, creating an image of Poland as a “hostile” environment for Ukrainians. This tactic is aimed at reducing support for Ukraine in Polish society and devaluing the partnership between Ukraine and the West.

On behalf of the American organization Freedom House, propagandists are sending out letters calling on Ukrainian military personnel to leave the service. However, these are false letters. This is what the Center for Counteracting Disinformation at the National Security and Defense Council writes.

Its experts found that the propagandists created a fake email address and used the Freedom House logo to make the messages look official and credible. Such tactics are often used to spread disinformation to lower military morale and undermine trust in Ukraine's Western partners.

Freedom House is not involved in these letters, and no employee of the organization sent such messages. The text of the letter contains lexical errors, specific Russianisms and other linguistic features that indicate forgery. This is another case of using fake letters as a tool of information warfare aimed at increasing mistrust among the Ukrainian military and discrediting support from Western countries.

Russian propaganda sources are distributing a video allegedly from the American Institute for the Study of War (ISW), which states that two out of ten Ukrainians die due to the illegal actions of the Territorial recruitment and social support center workers.

However, this is another fake from the Russians, journalists from the VoxCheck project write. The video distributed by the propagandists is fabricated – it is not on the official ISW website. In addition, statistics about “the death of Ukrainians due to the actions of Territorial recruitment and social support center workers” were not distributed by either reliable Ukrainian or foreign media.

The Russians also made a mistake and translated “territorial recruitment and social support centers” as TRSSCs in the video while in English it is TCR and SS (Territorial Centers of Recruitment and Social Support). And at the end of each of their videos, ISW calls for donations to their organization (the call “Donate today”), while in the fake video there is only a list of social networks instead.

It should be noted that there were indeed cases when Ukrainian men died after visiting the TCR and SS. At the same time, these were not mass, but isolated cases. Also, the guilt of the TCR and SS workers was not proven in all cases.

Earlier we wrote that propagandists created a fake animated video about TCR and SS workers.

Russian Telegram channels are spreading information that Ukrainian children are allegedly beaten in Polish schools for speaking their native language. As proof of this, the propagandists add screenshots of corresponding reviews from Ukrainian parents whose children study in Polish schools.

In fact, this is a fake. The screenshots are fake, the VoxCheck project reports. Yes, the original reviews were replaced, because they talked about things unrelated to the language issue. For example, there were reviews about school renovations, the quality of teaching, and others. VoxCheck journalists did manage to find one complaint about cruel treatment of refugees from Ukraine, but it was published a year ago.

It should be noted that cases of aggression towards students from Ukraine in Poland do indeed occur.

Russian propaganda continues to work to set Ukrainians and Poles at odds with each other.

Pro-Russian sources are distributing a photo of an announcement in Ukrainian, which states that the National Police headquarters in Kharkiv Oblast is looking for Carlos Maria Mallarino and Héctor Santiago Trujillo. Russian propagandists are commenting on the photo of the announcement, claiming that two “Colombian mercenaries” have deserted from the Ukrainian army.

In fact, this information is not true. The Main Directorate of the National Police in the Kharkiv region did not put these two people on the wanted list - there is no such information on their official website or on their social media pages. The ad also contains punctuation errors. And the photo of the ad is distributed mainly in the pro-Russian segment of the network. Considering the listed facts, it can be argued that the ads were presumably forged by propagandists.

This fake feeds the Russian narrative about the presence of “foreign mercenaries” in the Ukrainian Armed Forces. In addition, by spreading such disinformation, the Russians speculate on the topic of desertion in the Ukrainian army.

Earlier, we analyzed the Russian propaganda that a group of foreign mercenaries of the Ukrainian Armed Forces was allegedly “liquidated” in the Briansk region.

Russian propaganda sources are distributing a video in which a woman says that recently “a certain percentage of Ukrainian citizens” have been buying real estate in Kharkiv and the Kharkiv region in order to “legally end up on Russian territory” in the coming years.

However, this information is not true, Ukrinform journalists write. In the video, the woman expresses only her own opinion, hinting that Ukrainians are supposedly hoping for Russia to occupy this region. She does not provide any evidence for her words, does not refer to verified and objective sources that could confirm this information.

The woman in the video is Maryna Onishchenko, a Ukrainian from Kharkiv who moved to Russia after the full-scale invasion. She is a collaborator and Russian propagandist, and runs a blog on the Russian video portal Rutube. In her videos, Onishchenko shows life in Russia and talks about how “Ukrainians live well in Russia, unlike life in Europe”. In particular, the propagandist’s “creative legacy” includes a video about how “Ukrainians fled Britain for Russia”. The woman also interviews foreigners who moved to Russia and spread various fakes about Ukraine on their social networks.

This is her latest disinformation campaign aimed at causing discord in Ukrainian society. Earlier, we analyzed the fake news that residents of the Kharkiv region allegedly supported the “referendum on joining Russia” for “approval of local authorities”.

Russian propaganda Telegram channels are distributing a screenshot of an alleged message on the page of the newly appointed Ukrainian Ambassador to Poland Vasyl Bodnar on the X social network. The publication states that the Poles are unworthy of the memory of their ancestors, who besieged Moscow four centuries ago. “Poland does not provide Kyiv with MiG-29, refuses to shoot down Russian missiles over Ukraine, considers Bandera a Nazi and a criminal”, Bodnar allegedly writes. In turn, the propagandists comment on this message as follows: “the new ambassador has begun work on a diplomatic scandal”.

In fact, this is a fake, the newly appointed Ukrainian ambassador to Poland did not publish this message. This is reported by the VoxCheck project. The screenshot distributed by propagandists is the same in all the messages where it appeared: the time of publication (“4 hours ago”), the number of views, preferences and distributions are the same. It is unlikely that these indicators would be identical in screenshots of different users. That is, different propaganda sources are distributing the same fake screenshot.

Bodnar has not yet started his duties as ambassador to Poland. President Zelenskyi signed a decree on his appointment on October 25, 2024, but some time will pass before he actually takes office. An ambassador begins his work from the moment his credentials are presented to the head of a foreign state, and copies of his credentials are also presented to representatives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In the case of Poland, an official ceremony with the participation of President Andrzej Duda must take place, and only after that will Vasyl Bodnar take office. For example, almost half a year passed between the appointment of former Ukrainian ambassador to Poland Vasyl Zvarych and the inauguration ceremony.

For now, Bodnar is still working in his previous position as the Ukrainian ambassador to Turkey. This is evidenced by the diplomat's social networks and the Ukrainian embassy in Turkey. In particular, after signing the decree on the new appointment, he attended a book presentation in the rank of the Ukrainian ambassador to Turkey.

After Donald Trump was elected US President, propagandists began actively spreading statements on social media allegedly made by his daughter Ivanka Trump about Ukraine. In particular, she was credited with saying things like “Ukraine stands between us and a fair world” and “I know Ukrainians, they are vile people”. In fact, Ivanka Trump did not make such statements.

StopFake reports on this. The project's fact-checkers found out that this disinformation first appeared on a Telegram channel known for its fictitious publications. Despite this, the fake quotes quickly began to spread as genuine. Ivanka did not participate in the election campaign and in November 2022 announced her decision not to return to politics, preferring her family. From 2017 to 2020, she and her husband Jared Kushner worked as an adviser in her father's administration when he was president. At that time, Kushner dealt with international relations, in particular, US relations with the Middle East, China, Mexico and Canada.

While staying out of politics, Ivanka continues to do charity work. For example, in March 2022, at the beginning of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, she arrived in Poland to support Ukrainian refugees and provided humanitarian aid, including food and medicine. In December of the same year, she donated generators to Ukrainian churches left without electricity due to shelling. On her Instagram page in 2022, Ivanka expressed support for Ukraine, writing that Ukrainians inspire the world with their courage in the fight for freedom and that their heroic struggle is in her prayers.

Propagandists use such disinformation quotes to create a negative image of the West and American politicians in the minds of Ukrainians and international audiences. Fake statements ordered by Ivanka Trump are aimed at undermining confidence in the US support for Ukraine and creating the impression that even those close to the US government are hostile to Ukrainians. It also serves to distract attention from the real statements and actions of international political figures who support Ukraine.

Propagandists are distributing an interview with a Ukrainian prisoner of war in the media, who allegedly heard threats from his commanders to “shoot him in the back”. However, this is disinformation. This is written by the Center for Strategic Communications and Information Security.

Its experts remind us that, firstly, prisoners are forced under pressure to talk about what the occupiers demand, including confessing to false crimes or making other false statements. The Russians practice torture and murder of prisoners, grossly violating the laws of war. Secondly, methods similar to Stalin's blocking detachments have been restored in the Russian army, where Kadyrov's Akhmat units perform this function. Back in March 2022, the SBU released an intercepted conversation of a Russian militant who admitted that their task was to hold back retreating Russian soldiers. Thus, Russia is again using the “repulse” tactic, accusing the Ukrainian side of its own crimes.

The purpose of spreading this disinformation is to undermine Ukrainians’ trust in their military command and state institutions, to raise doubts about the professionalism and morality of the Ukrainian army, and to sow divisions in society. Such tactics help Russian propaganda to shape the image of Ukraine as a state with a chaotic military, where there is supposedly brutal treatment of subordinates by commanders. It also serves to justify the brutality of the Russian army by projecting its own practices onto the enemy.

The Russian Foreign Intelligence Service is spreading a statement about the alleged US preparations for holding elections in Ukraine with the aim of removing Volodymyr Zelenskyi, which is part of a large-scale information campaign against the Ukrainian government. This message, launched back in November 2023, has been reinforced since the spring of 2024 by fakes about the West's plans to remove Zelenskyi from power. This is reported by the Center for Strategic Communications and Information Security.

Such disinformation messages are part of the operation Maidan-3, aimed at destabilizing the political situation in Ukraine, in particular by discrediting the initiatives of the President of Ukraine, such as the Peace Formula and the Victory Plan. In light of these manipulations, the Ukrainian authorities have also repeatedly explained the legal impossibility of holding elections during martial law, refuting speculations about a change of power through foreign influence. The goal of this approach is to create the illusion of an alleged loss of support for Ukraine from Western partners, focusing on false claims about the “unrealistic” nature of Ukrainian peace initiatives.

The purpose of spreading this fake is to try to undermine Ukrainians' trust in President Zelenskyi and discredit him in the eyes of the international community. It also aims to sow doubts among Ukrainians about the stability of their government and relations with international partners.

Propagandists have created and are distributing an animated video named after the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense. It depicts Cossacks defending Ukraine from attackers who look like the Golden Horde. The action then moves to the present, where modern Ukrainian troops confront soldiers under the DPRK flag. The voiceover says: “We could do it then - we can do it now!”, calling on viewers to join the ranks of the Ukrainian Armed Forces. However, this video is not available on the official resources of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defense and is published only by Russian and pro-Russian media. This is reported by the Center for Strategic Communications and Information Security.

Its specialists also found out that the Russian origin of the video is also indicated by the use of stress, which is typical for Russian pronunciation, falling on the first syllable.

The purpose of spreading such disinformation is to attempt to discredit Ukraine and its military leadership, and to sow doubts among Ukrainian citizens and the international community about the ability and determination of Ukrainian forces to defend the country. Such fakes are aimed at undermining trust in Ukrainian state institutions and ridiculing national values. In addition, the manipulation of historical and national images, such as the Cossacks, seeks to stir up emotions and fuel domestic debate by presenting Ukraine in an absurd light.

Russian propaganda sources are distributing a photo of a fake announcement about the evacuation of stray dogs in Sumy. The reason given is the “threat of North Korean occupiers”.

However, the Sumy City Council did not publish such information either on the website or in social networks. In addition, the ad does not contain any information about the organization that could be involved in the evacuation of dogs. As for the contacts where they advised to contact, there is a blurred QR code for a bot on Telegram, a hotline for the Sumy City Council and the Cabinet of Ministers. So the ad is a fake, and VoxCheck reports this.

In Sumy, no evacuation was announced for either citizens or dogs. Thus, Russian propagandists are trying to sow panic due to the possible direct entry of North Korea into the Russian-Ukrainian war.

Read on Censor.NET: Dogs are allegedly being mobilized in Ukraine.

A supposed advertisement from the Ukrainian Women's Watch organization is being distributed in the pro-Russian segment of social networks, which talks about military training courses for women. The “advertising banner” shows a woman in a military uniform and in the background is a photo of a monkey sitting behind the wheel of a car. And the slogan is: “Women's two-week military assistance courses - even a macaque can be taught to drive!”

However, this advertisement is not real. We checked the image from the Telegram channel using a special tool FotoForensics, which establishes the fact of interference in the image. For example, Photoshop or other photo or video editors. Therefore, it was possible to establish that the photo distributed by the propagandists contains signs of editing. Moreover, no Ukrainian media published such an advertisement. Just like on the organization's website, we did not find any information about such an advertisement.

Women in armed conflicts are one of the most vulnerable social groups. Some researchers call Russian aggression a war for gender order, a gendered confrontation, because Moscow is fighting for so-called traditional values, which imply the triumph of patriarchal practices and the leveling of gender equality. Hostile propagandists depicts a dissolute and full of feminists, prostitutes and the emasculation of the “true male essence”. Ukraine, according to propagandists, was once part of the famous “Russian Gothic”, but, having become Europeanized, adopted the destructive practices of gender equality.

Read our study on the Russian dimension of Russian misogyny: The shell of a femina with black content. How Russian propaganda is trying to discredit Ukrainian women.

The news was spread on social networks, in particular on the propaganda Telegram channel Niezależny Dziennik Polityczny, citing the Ukrainian news agency Ukrinform. The fake news states that 500 volunteers have been recruited for the Ukrainian Legion, which is being formed in Poland, but there is not a single Ukrainian among them.

“Ukraine needs to quickly gather enough people to form a battalion. Ukraine is doing everything to recruit foreigners to fight”, the propaganda correspondence said.

However, the fake news repeated the context of the news. In fact, the point is that as of early November, more than 500 applications from 30 countries had been submitted to the Ukrainian Legion, a military unit that is currently being formed in Poland among Ukrainian volunteers living abroad. In fact, the decision to create the Ukrainian Legion, which will be prepared with the assistance and support of the Polish Ministry of Defense, was announced following the signing of a security agreement between Ukraine and Poland on July 8 in Warsaw.

That is, only Ukrainian volunteers living abroad are signing up for this unit. There is no talk of any “recruitment of foreigners”.

Russian propaganda systematically feeds the narrative that professional military personnel from other countries are fighting in Ukraine — so-called foreign mercenaries.  In this way, Russian propaganda also tries to justify the failures of the Russian army. They say that they are not fighting weak Ukrainians, but “specially trained NATO soldiers” or Americans. Moreover, Russian propaganda throws in such fakes to show that there is no one left to fight in Ukraine and they are recruiting “anyone in sight”.

By the way, in our Newspeak column we reported that it is Russia that is recruiting mercenaries, in particular Wagner representatives. This is essentially a terrorist organization within the Russian army.

Let us recall that Niezależny Dziennik Polityczny is a fake resource created solely to spread propaganda messages that are beneficial to Russia.

Read also: The lie that Polish media reports about half a million fallen Ukrainian soldiers.

A screenshot of a message on the Facebook page of the OCU priest Roman Hryshchuk has been circulated online, in which he allegedly cursed those who laugh at President Zelenskyi's Victory Plan.

“Such behavior means only one thing: the person has nothing human left, and Satan has already taken over his mind. Therefore, I curse everyone who lost their minds today and insulted the President of Ukraine”, the post says.

However, this is a fake photo. The fakers edited Roman Hryshchuk’s message, replacing the original text with “curses”. The real post was about what to do if a priest curses.

In fact, the caption to the post and the video itself were about what to do if a priest curses. Hryshchuk indicated that a subscriber approached him with this question, since, according to her, a local priest cursed some of the parishioners. He did not say the words that the propagandists cited, moreover, Hryshchuk did not make statements about Zelenskyi or the Victory Plan. Fake news sites replaced the original text of the message with “curses”.

A video with the logo of the Polish newspaper Fakt is being distributed in Russian Telegram channels. It claims that the cousin of Ukrainian Deputy Defense Minister Dmytro Klimenkov ordered an elite car for the 777 Hypercar race in Poland for €7 million.

But the Polish edition of Fakt did not publish such a news story. This video is not on the official website of the Polish edition of Fakt, nor on its pages on Instagram, Facebook, X, TikTok and YouTube. Moreover, the newspaper did not publish any news about the 777 Hypercar at all - a search by keywords did not bring any results.

Ukrainian media have no news about the purchase, although corruption scandals usually receive publicity in society. This video is published only on Russian and pro-Russian resources.

The so-called investigations into the property of Ukrainian officials are turning into a systematic campaign to discredit them. In this way, propagandists or Moscow's protégés seek to portray Ukraine as a cradle of corruption schemes, which in the future may harm Ukraine's path to European integration. After all, the fight against corruption and its reduction is one of the main tasks of the state on the path to the European Union.

Here are some more cases that concerned the “taking possession” of real estate using “stolen funds”: how Zelenskyi allegedly bought the villa of Hitler’s propaganda minister Goebbels for 8 million euros; or how Zelenskyi’s mother-in-law bought a villa on the coast of Egypt using Western humanitarian aid to Ukraine.

A video is being circulated online in which a woman complains about a note in her son's diary: “Dress the children warmly! There is no heating at school!” The woman is outraged that she donated money for a generator, but the school still has no heating.

But it's fake. The video is probably a decree. In a number of cities, schools are already heated, and there is no need for generators yet, since there are no power outages.

Traditionally, the heating season in Ukraine starts in mid-October. However, the start of connecting heat in different cities may differ. The actual start date depends on weather conditions, as well as the readiness of the infrastructure. In particular, the heating period begins if the air temperature for 3 days is on average +8 degrees and below. However, social facilities, in particular educational institutions, are usually connected to heat earlier than residential buildings.

For example, by the end of October, heating of schools in a number of cities had already begun. In particular, in Kyiv, Lviv, Uzhhorod, Ternopil, Vinnytsia and other cities.

By spreading such a message, propagandists want to feed the narrative that Ukraine is allegedly uninhabitable due to the lack of electricity, high prices for utilities; or due to various diseases, pandemics that are spreading exclusively in Ukraine due to the war. In this way, the authors want to sow panic among Ukrainians in order to destabilize the mood and create a feeling that “nothing will change”.

Russian propaganda sources are distributing a fake video as if it were from the environmental organization Greenpeace. It talks about the pollution of the Dnipro, Dunai, and Southern Buh with “cadaveric poison” due to an alleged 12-fold increase in the number of burials since the start of the full-scale invasion. The video also notes “a potential threat to neighboring countries, primarily Poland and Romania”.

“Since 2022, Ukrainian cemeteries have begun burying soldiers who died in the conflict with Russia. Due to the “significant number of daily burials”, cemetery administrations have stopped observing sanitary standards”, they wrote in the fake video.

In fact, the information is false, and Greenpeace did not distribute such a video. As reported by StopFake, citing Ukrainian environmental safety expert Maksym Soroka, the term “cadaveric poison”, in the scientific community - “ptomaines”, is outdated and creates a false idea about the nature of this substance. You can get poisoned if, for example, you drink such water only in “large volumes”. Moreover, tap water is purified and disinfected before it goes directly to users. Therefore, botulism or staphylococcus bacteria, which reservoirs can be contaminated with, do not pose a threat to health in case of indirect consumption.

Thus, propagandists frighten Ukrainians with “inevitable consequences”, in particular for the environment, if the war continues. That is, they do everything to sow the idea, for example, of the need for negotiations with Russia. They explain this by saying that this is to stop the alleged hundreds of thousands of losses at the front. Or, so that “at least some conditions remain” for a safe life in Ukraine in the future.

A fake information video allegedly authored by the Ukrainska Pravda publication is being distributed in Russian Telegram channels. Against the background of footage from open sources, propagandists write about the readiness of the Verkhovna Rada to make a decision to increase payments to contract servicemen in the Armed Forces of Ukraine aged 19 to 21. The video fragment also recalled the Chairman of the Parliament Ruslan Stefanchuk, who allegedly compared young contract soldiers to Cossacks and noted that such “additional motivation” will allow for an “active and mobile contingent” in the army.

“The amount of remuneration will increase from 200 to 400 thousand hryvnia for men aged 19 to 21 who sign a contract with the Armed Forces of Ukraine”, the propagandists write.

In fact, this bill and Stefanchuk's statement do not exist, just like the video from Ukrainska Pravda, and this is reported in VoxCheck. The size of the one-time cash benefit upon signing the first contract depends on the rank. Age affects only the term of the contract service. After all, it is for conscripts aged 18 to 25 (or in the case of propaganda 19-21), that is, those who are not subject to mobilization in the absence of the status of “military liable”, the term of contract military service during martial law is only one year. Then the contract is terminated and not extended. Starting from 25 years, the mobilization age in Ukraine - the situation is different, namely, the contract is extended.

Previously, Russian propaganda spread messages about “socially unfair mobilization”; the intentions of the Ukrainian authorities to fight to the last Ukrainian and the lack of a future in the country. For Ukrainians, the topic of attracting people not subject to mandatory mobilization is debatable; just one mention of lowering the mobilization age provokes significant social discourse. But propagandists do not miss the opportunity to incite discord within the country and sow hatred towards the Ukrainian legislative power, in particular, by creating such info drives.

Propagandists are spreading information in the media and social networks that a relative of the singer Shakira died in the Kursk region, fighting in the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. As evidence, they are spreading a video published by the Colombian publication El Espectador, which says that Shakira's relative joined the International Legion and allegedly died fighting in Ukraine. However, this is a fake.

Ukrinform writes about this. Their fact checkers found out that there is no such news on the official El Espectador resources, and their materials are generally published in Spanish, not in English, as stated in the fake video.

This fake is part of a larger disinformation campaign aimed at discrediting the Ukrainian army on the international stage by creating negative associations across cultures. As Latin America becomes an increasingly important political region for Russia, the spread of such fakes attempts to undermine support for Ukraine among Latin American communities by using recognizable names and absurd details to attract attention and sensationalism.

Russian propagandists claim that Ukraine may resort to provocation using a “dirty bomb” against Russia. However, such statements are part of Russia's systematic nuclear blackmail aimed at discrediting Ukraine and are false. Russia's statements about the so-called “dirty bomb” serve as a cover for its own actions that pose a threat to international nuclear security. This is what the Center for Strategic Communications and Information Security writes.

Russia itself has repeatedly threatened to use nuclear weapons, occupied the Chornobyl nuclear power plant, and is raising concerns about possible incidents at the Zaporizhzhia and Kursk nuclear power plants. Russian troops have also been moving tactical nuclear weapons into Belarus and conducting exercises using their nuclear arsenal, causing concern in the international community.

Such fakes are aimed not only at discrediting the Ukrainian leadership, but also at diverting attention from Russia's own crimes in the nuclear arena. Statements about the possibility of Ukraine using nuclear weapons are targeted propaganda aimed at undermining international trust in Ukraine and justifying further nuclear escalation by Russia.

Pro-Russian sources are distributing a video in which a priest of the Greek Catholic Cathedral in Ivano-Frankivsk allegedly says during a liturgy that Donald Trump is “the Antichrist, the devil” and “with his arrival the end of the world will come”. Therefore, on the eve of the presidential elections, the priest allegedly called on believers to pray for the “prudence of the American people”.

However, the video distributed by Russian propagandists is a deepfake. This was reported on the official media resource of the Ivano-Frankivsk Archeparchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. For the deepfake, the fakers used the image and voice of Father Stepan Balahura, the syncellus for clergy and priestly families of the Ivano-Frankivsk Archeparchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. 

The basis for the deepfake was a broadcast of the liturgy from the Archcathedral on November 5, 2024, posted on the YouTube platform in open access. During the service, the priest did not talk about Trump and certainly did not call him the “antichrist” and “devil”.

This disinformation is an attempt by propagandists to influence Ukrainians' perception of Donald Trump, who has already been re-elected as US President. We previously analyzed the Russian fake that Ukrainian Greek Catholics were exempted from mobilization.

Russian propaganda Telegram channels are spreading a quote from the alleged Minister of Social Policy of Ukraine Oksana Zholnovych, according to which the receipt of high special pensions by judges and prosecutors is due to their “legal literacy”. Zholnovych's quote allegedly sounds like this: “There are about 740 thousand special pensioners, whose payments can exceed 100-120 thousand UAH per month. These pensions are a long-standing tradition, they are used, in particular, by judges and prosecutors. I am not saying that they are scum. I am saying that they are legally literate and know how to use the law correctly”.

In fact, this is a fake. Oksana Zholnovych did not make such a statement, writes the VoxCheck project. This fake quote is only being spread by some social media users, while reliable Ukrainian media do not have this statement, although such justification of high pensions for prosecutors and judges by the minister would certainly cause a public outcry.

The propagandists add a photo of the minister to their messages, which was published on October 24, 2024 by Forbes along with a recent interview. The interview also does not contain a statement. Zholnovych mentioned the issue of special pensions, but in a different context. She said that some people can abuse special disability pensions and criticized the current system, noting that such special pensions should only be given to those who really need them.

It is impossible to verify the information that 740 thousand special pensioners receive payments above 100-120 thousand UAH per month. At the same time, according to the Pension Fund of Ukraine, as of October 2024, 1.3 million pensioners (12.7%) receive a pension above 10 thousand UAH. However, the department does not note how many pensioners are paid more than 100 thousand UAH.

Earlier we wrote about a fake, which was that Germany would allegedly pay pensions to refugees from Ukraine aged 57.5-60 years.

In the run-up to the US presidential election, Russian resources were spreading information that the Pennsylvania state government was forcing voters from the state's Ukrainian community to vote for Kamala Harris, not Donald Trump. If they did not, the Pennsylvania government would allegedly stop funding the Tryzub (Trident) church and other Ukrainian projects. In reporting this, the propagandists referred to a video allegedly from the American publication PennLive, in which the leader of the Ukrainian community allegedly made a corresponding statement.

In fact, this information is fake. This is written in the VoxCheck project. PennLive did not publish such a video on its official website, nor on its pages on Facebook, Ixi or Instagram.

It is worth noting that Pennsylvania does indeed have one of the largest Ukrainian diasporas — at least 112,000 people — as well as a network of Ukrainian churches. However, a search of open sources, in particular, in American media and Google Maps, showed that there is no church called Tryzub (Trident) in Pennsylvania.

With this fake, the Russians are trying to claim that Ukrainians in Pennsylvania were allegedly blackmailed and essentially left with no choice of who to vote for. At the same time, it is already known that Trump won in Pennsylvania, thus receiving 19 electoral votes.

We previously wrote about a fake video story that showed the US elections as the main target of a “Ukrainian disinformation campaign”.

Famous photographer Yan Dobronosov published photographs of graves with numbers in a cemetery in Kramatorsk, which caused a wave of erroneous assumptions and manipulations in Russian and pro-Russian media. In the comments to his post, various assumptions about the purpose of these graves began to appear. Some users asked whether these could be the graves of unidentified local residents. This is written by KramatorskPost.

The publication's journalists claim that these burials have nothing to do with the war. As Ihor Yeskov, head of the information policy department of the Kramatorsk City Council, explained, the first burials in this sector appeared back in 2020, and it was specially designated for homeless people whose names and surnames cannot be established at the time of burial. Usually, these are the graves of people without a permanent place of residence, who are often impossible to identify due to the lack of documents or connections with relatives. Yeskov explained that from time to time, deceased homeless people are found in the city, and finding their relatives can be extremely difficult, even for the police, but burial is still necessary. Such people hide in a certain area of the cemetery, their data is entered into a special card index, which has been maintained since Soviet times. They are assigned a burial number, and if relatives are subsequently found, this number can be used to find the place where the person is buried.

Additionally, a special section for honorary burials of fallen soldiers, known as the Alley of Heroes, was created in Kramatorsk, with clearly defined rules about who can be buried there. In addition to the comments, there were also opinions that these burials may belong to unidentified people, possibly military personnel, medical workers, or volunteers who are difficult to identify due to a lack of documents or witnesses to the events. Unfortunately, similar burials exist in other regions of Ukraine, especially in areas where fighting took place.

The spread of manipulative messages about graves with numbers in Kramatorsk was aimed at creating a negative emotional background around Ukraine and sowing distrust in the Ukrainian government. Due to the distortion of facts, such disinformation is used to present Ukraine in an unfavorable light, to generate fears and suspicions among the population, and to strengthen narratives about the abuse of its citizens.