The information was recorded by journalists of the Ukrainian studies project Ukraїner, who found out that unknown people create clone pages of their publication and distribute advertisements about cash payments. So far, fraudulent activity has been recorded on Facebook. Attackers launch advertisements in which, on behalf of Ukraine, they urge people to go to outside resources in order to receive a cash payment. Journalists of the publication note that they do not publish any news about receiving financial payments. And now Ukraine does not hold any active public meetings.

This is a fraudulent scheme by which attackers can steal your personal data. If such advertising happens, Ukraїner  recommends to complain about it. Today, journalists have contacted Meta technical support and are waiting for a prompt decision.

Residents of the Russian-occupied part of the Kherson region receive SMS messages from supposedly Ukrainian military men asking them to tell them about the positions of the Russians. The press service of the Kakhovka city military administration on telegram urges not to provide information if one does not know the person personally, because “most likely these are provocations”. The message also noted that information about the movement of the enemy should be transmitted only through official chats and verified channels, and it should not yet been discussed the movement of Russian equipment over the phone, one shouldn’t get too close to the infidels, delete the history of correspondence with the bot and photos from the smartphone. The Ministry of Digital Affairs urges citizens to continue using the “Yevoroh” (There is an enemy) chat and report on Russian technology using it.

The network recorded a number of fake Facebook pages of the heads of various Regional Military Administrations. It is likely that such accounts can expand disinformation and discredit regional authorities. The fact-checkers of the Center for Countering Disinformation investigated these accounts and created an exhaustive list of fake pages. In particular, the propagandists created fake pages:

Kyiv Regional Military Administration; 

Lviv Regional Military Administration; 

Volyn Regional Military Administration; 

Dnipropetrovsk Regional Military Administration; 

Luhansk Regional Military Administration; 

Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Military Administration; 

Mykolaiv Regional Military Administration. 

Fake pages may have characteristic features: few subscribers and posts, created recently and spreading unverified information. Some Regional Military Administration leaders have verified accounts with a special tick mark. Above, we have added genuine Regional Military Administration pages.

Tucker Carlson, a fired FOX News host and pro-Russian propagandist, has tweeted the first episode of his new show. In it, he claims that the Ukrainians blew up the dam at the Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant, and the American government controls the media and hides important stories from the Americans. The video was distributed among others by Elon Musk, and as of now it has already been viewed more than 50 million times. Detector Media singled out the main propaganda messages in the video.

1 Ukraine blew up the Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant

The TV presenter claims that Ukraine, at the direction of Zelenskyi, blew up the Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant. His argument is that if Volodymyr Putin ordered it to be done, it would be absurd because it harms Russia itself. Carlson is ironic that, despite the fact that everyone is used to thinking that Ukraine does not have the resources to do this, this does not negate the fact that it can do it.

Ukrainian members of the government and public organizations, in particular the organizations of the coalition Ukraine. The Fifth Morning claims that it was Russia that purposefully undermined the Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant. The destruction occurred from the inside as a result of the detonation of explosives. Ukraine has no motive to destroy the dam, especially now.

2. The US should stop supporting Zelenskyi as he is doing bad things

Further, the TV presenter begins to be ironic towards the President of Ukraine, calling him “almost a saint”. He criticizes the information noise around Zelenskyi and his support among Western countries. In addition, Carlson hints that Zelenskyi is allegedly the real evil in the war against Ukraine, but it is easy for everyone to say that Russia is committing crimes. The TV presenter reproaches the President for choosing clothes for official meetings and calls him rat-shaped, almost accusing him of destroying Christian values. Therefore, according to Carlson, the United States should stop supporting Ukraine.

Although such statements are the subjective opinion of the TV presenter, among them there are objective accusations against Zelenskyi. However, reality proves otherwise – it is Russia and its army that daily commit war crimes against Ukrainians, including the forced deportation of children, the mistreatment of prisoners of war and the destruction of civilian infrastructure. Even the example of the dam blowing is indicative - while in the settlements controlled by Ukraine, people are being evacuated and given the necessary assistance, in the flooded temporarily occupied territories, the so-called “local authorities” have left civilians to fend for themselves with tragedy.

3. The American government is hiding “really important topics” from Americans due to “puppet media”

Trying to explain the appearance of his new show on Twitter, Carlson accuses US President Joe Biden and his team of censorship and silence on important topics. In particular, he appeals to the fact that the “puppet media” allegedly too actively covers the aggression against Ukraine, the problems of broadcasters and the topic of global warming, so the Americans do not know what is really happening in the world. The TV presenter compares the situation with freedom of speech in the last years of the USSR, recalling foreign radio stations listening “under the covers”. According to him, this new show will be analogous to those stations so that Americans know about “really important things”. For example, a former American intelligence officer allegedly announced the shooting down of an unidentified flying object with unknown creatures on board.

Tucker Carlson deliberately substitutes the concept, reinforcing the message about “conservative censorship”, which is quite popular in certain circles. Like, corporations deliberately block conservative figures just because they have conservative views. However, in fact, most of these cases of blocking the accounts of conservative figures are related to the fact that they disseminated information dangerous to the lives of social network users. For example, when they publicly spoke out against vaccines, called the coronavirus a global conspiracy, or called on people to protest on January 6, 2021 to take over the Capitol by force.

By the story of the former intelligence officer and the UFO, Carlson means the testimonies of David Grush, which he gave to NewsNation yesterday. The man claims that the US government allegedly has a special secret program to collect UFOs and the remnants of persons on board. Tucker Carlson condemns the fact that many American media like The New York Times have not published any material on this topic, so it can be considered hushed up. A Google search shows that a number of leading conservative media and tabloids not only in the US but also in the UK wrote about this “sensation”. It is currently difficult to verify the credibility of Grush's testimony, but both the FBI and NASA have UFO pages on their official websites.

We recall that Tucker Carlson regularly distributes Russian propaganda messages. Previously, he claimed that Volodymyr Zelenskyi is a “Biden puppet”, Ukraine is “not a democracy”, and Volodymyr Putin is “America's true friend”.

Such rhetoric around the dam of the Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant is beneficial for Russia and resembles the situation with the loss of the Boeing-777 flight MH17, since it dilutes responsibility and creates ambiguity. In fact, Carlson is helping Russia justify its aggression against Ukraine, confusing foreign audiences about Russia's role in this war, and further destabilizing American domestic politics.

According to the statements of the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi, Russian troops blew up the dam of the Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant last night. Ukrainian officials claim that because of this, about 80 settlements are at risk of flooding. Since the reservoir of the Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant is connected with the operation of the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant, temporarily occupied by Russia, the propagandists did not leave this topic aside.  Detector Media highlighted the main messages of the Russian propaganda on undermining the dam.

1. The dam collapsed by itself due to shelling / outdated design

Anonymous telegram channels spreading pro-Russian rhetoric claim that the dam collapsed on its own due to shelling by the Ukrainian army. There is also a version that the Ukrainian authorities did not properly care for the state of the dam and therefore they have now collapsed. As evidence, the authors of such reports cite the German newspaper Bild, which allegedly removed the phrase “Russia blew it up” from the title of its report on the bombing.

These versions were refuted by the Ukrainian authorities. The office of the president, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine and a number of other state structures indicate that it was Russia that committed the targeted undermining. If one considers the situation with Bild, the report on the events at the Kakhovka HPP on the newspaper's website now has a completely different name.

2. Ukraine purposefully blew up a dam

Propagandists also accuse Ukraine of undermining. Allegedly, the goal is to ease the conditions for a counteroffensive or “deliberate escalation” for the “whims” of Western partners. Also, according to one version of the propaganda, the Office of the President needs this as an information drive in order to block other problems and crises. Like, this is indicated by numerous materials published in the Ukrainian media about the incident. They draw attention to a number of comparisons and emotional messages from Ukrainian opinion leaders. Allegedly, this is too dramatic and theatrical, and for this you need to prepare for a long time.

Such conclusions are groundless, since it is inappropriate to draw them on the basis of publications in social networks. Ukrainian civil society is a dynamic environment that can quickly and comprehensively respond to current events. Given this, the accusation of “staging” on the basis of the reports of his representatives cannot logically explain the situation. In addition, we are talking about people and the threat to their lives, some tend to express their opinion emotionally in a crisis situation.

Using these two messages, propagandists want to shift the responsibility for the actions of the Russians to Ukraine, looking for various excuses and explanations for undermining the dam.

3. Nothing happens in the temporarily occupied territories, everything is under control

The so-called leaders of the temporarily occupied territories, not far from the dam, report that the situation there is normal, and the so-called local authorities keep everything under control. Like, no flooding will occur, evacuation is also not planned.

Taking into account the fact that most of the settlements in the temporarily occupied territories are threatened with flooding due to explosions, such positioning is cynical and looks like a disregard for the lives of civilians. In addition, in this way Russia shows its true attitude towards the threat of an ecological catastrophe caused by undermining.

4. Ukraine is in a panic, and the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant will soon burst

While, according to propagandists, “everything is calm in Russia”, Ukraine is panicking. Like, drinking water is already being bought up in Kryvyi Rih, and Ukrainian officials are allegedly talking about the critical state of the threat to the ZNPP, which could cause it to break out.

Such reports about the situation with drinking water in Kryvyi Rih can only be found in anonymous channels with pro-Russian rhetoric. In addition, Energoatom officially announced that the explosion of the Kakhovka HPP, although it is an additional threat to the ZNPP, is currently under control, since water for cooling the plant is used from internal storage facilities. Local authorities of territories in the flood zone organize the evacuation of civilians and provide support.

Using these two messages, propagandists want to play on a false contrast and show Ukraine in a worse light than Russia. They say that in Ukraine they only panic and neglect their lives, while Russia calmly saves people. However, in reality, the situation is the opposite - the Russians are silent about the scale of the threat, and the Ukrainians are trying to cope with the consequences of the explosion.

On June 10-11, an international summit For Peace in Ukraine is scheduled to be held in Vienna. It will be attended by representatives of “Russia, Ukraine and various NATO countries that support the goals of peace” in order to “put an end to the war and prepare for negotiations”. However, the “summit” will be the responsibility of an organization whose leadership, in their statements, spreads the messages of Russian propaganda, like most of the people on the list of participants. The goal of the summit is to prepare an appeal “Vienna Call for Peace”, which is planned to be submitted to the Embassies of Russia, Ukraine and NATO countries, as well as international organizations for further work on a “peaceful settlement of the war”.

Analysts of the VoxCheck project drew attention to the event. They analyzed the official program of the summit and found many repetitions of Russian propaganda in it. For example, the organizers note that they “condemn Russia's illegal invasion of Ukraine”, but then they write that NATO is responsible for it. Like, NATO provoked Russia to attack. The program of the event does not include meetings on the return of temporarily occupied territories to Ukraine, reparations or punishment of war criminals - these topics are simply ignored.

The event is organized by a number of public organizations, including the International Peace Bureau and the Alliance for Peace, Neutrality and Non-Violence. Former International Peace Bureau Executive Director Rainer Braun is spreading Russian propaganda, VoxCheck analysts have found. In particular, he said that the expansion of NATO is the reason for the invasion of Russia, and sanctions against it will make the Europeans suffer. Despite being fired from the organization in 2019, it continues to invite him to its events. In addition, the Bureau itself publishes statements that Ukraine allegedly “violates the right to refuse military service”, although it does not mention forced mobilization in Russia and the occupied territories. The Action Alliance promotes the ideas of “neutrality”. using for this purpose the statements of persons accused of treason, in particular Ruslan Kotsaba, who has now joined the new project of Viktor Medvedchuk Another Ukraine. The event will also be financed by organizations spreading Russian rhetoric.

Among the speakers, one can find the theoretical linguist and philosopher Noam Chomsky from the United States, who promotes the messages of Russian propaganda in his speeches. In particular, he believes that NATO provoked Russia into a war against Ukraine. Member of the US House of Representatives Dennis Kucinich is also represented at the plenary session of the summit. Since 2014, he has been condemning US sanctions against Russia, and has also been spreading messages about “Ukrainian Nazis” and a “coup d'état”. Last year, Kucinich accused Joe Biden of starting World War III, and this year he organized a rally against aid to Ukraine. Speakers include Jeffrey Sachs, an American economist, Yurii Sheliazhenko, executive secretary of the Ukrainian Pacifist Movement, and others spreading Russian rhetoric.

In fact, holding this event will help Russian propagandists to further spread their disinformation and strengthen its anti-Ukrainian messages. Like, the whole world is behind Russia. However, the military and political support of NATO countries is larger than such events.

Analysts of the project Beyond the News investigated the information field of the Chinese media and found that local journalists repeat Russian narratives in their materials. For example, Chinese media often refer to Nazism in Ukraine.

For example, in the Global Times, reporter Frank Bro connected Peyton Gendron, who killed ten people in the American city of Buffalo, New York, with the Azov regiment. That is, according to the author, Azov is “a controversial ultra-nationalist armed group in Ukraine”.

Of course, this is not true. However, fact-checkers have explored the foundations of these myths about the Azov Regiment. They explained that usually the Chinese media use the topic of the existence of Nazi Ukrainians as a justification for the Russian invasion. Fact-checkers emphasize that since 2015, Russian propaganda began to identify nationalism with Nazism, and consider Ukrainian nationalists to be one of their main enemies. It seems that being a Ukrainian is already a reason to receive accusations of Nazism from the Russians. But it is not true. And the term “nationalism” itself is not something bad, but is characterized by loyalty and devotion to one's nation.

The thesis of Chinese journalists that the Azov regiment is an armed association is not true either. Azov has never been an unofficial formation. Even at the beginning of its creation in 2014, the volunteer unit was subordinate to the Ministry of the Interior. Subsequently, it became a separate special forces detachment of the military unit 3057 of the National Guard of Ukraine.

The Kremlin propaganda media and anonymous telegram channels are spreading information that Mykhailo Podoliak, adviser to the President's Office, is allegedly blackmailing the West. On the Rada TV channel, he allegedly warned Western partners that “in the event of a cessation of arms supplies to Ukraine, Europe will face numerous terrorist attacks and a large-scale war”. Russian propaganda writes that this is Podoliak's response to the statement by the head of EU diplomacy, Joselle Borrell, that “Ukraine without the support of the West would have to surrender within a few days”. This is manipulation.

As experts of the StopFake project note, Mykhailo Podoliak did not blackmail the West with terrorist attacks. On the air of the Rada TV channel on May 10, 2023, he stated that Russia continues to pose a security threat to the entire democratic world. And if the countries of Europe stop supplying weapons to Ukraine, this could lead to further aggression against Ukrainians, the scaling up of the war in neighboring countries and an increase in the number of terrorist attacks in Europe.

Mykhailo Podoliak commented on the words of Joselle Borrell. He noted that Mr. Borrell absolutely sincerely believes in the victory of Ukraine and does everything as efficiently as possible. He noted that “it is simply not necessary to say that Ukraine could become a puppet state if the West stops helping”. According to Podoliak, this is impossible, because under any scenario, “a third of the population of Ukraine will be destroyed”, a genocide will be committed.

Thus, Russian propaganda is trying to undermine the authority of Ukraine in the international arena, as well as to intimidate the whole world with war. Propagandists transfer the responsibility for Russia's crimes to the victim. Earlier, Detector Media denied the fake that the United States said that the Armed Forces of Ukraine would undermine the Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant during the counteroffensive.

In shaping the image of the Crimean Tatars, Russian propaganda uses a number of predatory narratives that Russia has nourished for centuries. Some of them are taken from tsarist times. In particular, we are talking about the Slavic, and not the Crimean Tatar nature of the Crimean peninsula. Russian propaganda repeats Soviet narratives about the “unreliability” of the Crimean Tatars and about the “positives” of Stalin’s deportation. Read more about how Russian propaganda discredits the Crimean Tatars here.

The modern propaganda machine is spreading the message that Crimean Tatars are political and religious extremists. According to the pro-Russian anonymous telegram channels, the qırımlı cooperate with the Ukrainian special services, carry out subversive activities, mine territories, lead the Defense Forces to targets, and participate in sabotage. We looked at four key organizations against which propagandists are spreading more defamatory messages regarding the message of Crimean Tatars as “political and religious” extremists. A number of theses about Hizb ut-Tahrir, the Noman Çelebicihan battalion, the Turan battalion and the Mejlis in almost 100% of cases describe them in a negative way, contain unfounded accusations of criminal activity; manipulative statements that personally and expediently discredit members of organizations.

1. Immediately in 2014, the Russians launched a campaign to persecute the Crimean Tatar community by outlawing the Mejlis, the representative body of the Crimean Tatar people. Russia accused the Mejlis of fomenting inter-ethnic tension and facilitating the extremist activities of the Crimean Tatars on the peninsula. Russia discredits the only supreme executive and representative body of the Crimean Tatars, recognized throughout the world and officially representing the nation at the international level. The Mejlis were critical of the Russian annexation of Crimea and defended the rights of Crimean Tatars, including the restoration of their property and cultural heritage. In 2016, Russia banned the Mejlis and labeled it an extremist organization, leading to harassment of its members, including arrests, detentions, and intimidation tactics.

2. The propaganda machine is also conducting a discrediting campaign against members of the volunteer Crimean Tatar battalion named after Noman Çelebicihan, who has been fighting on the side of Ukraine since 2016. Russian propaganda often accuses the members of the battalion of extremist political beliefs and participation in the food and energy blockade of Crimea. Russia has recognized the battalion as a terrorist organization. A large number of those detained for their alleged links to the battalion reported that they were tortured to extract confessions. So, it is highly likely that most of those arrested and found to be involved in the battalion are innocent. Over the past year, several members of the community who are charged with participation in the battalion have already received harsh sentences of 5 to 8.5 years in prison.

3. Russian propaganda in every possible way denigrates the activities of the Turan battalion, created in response to Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The ideological basis of the battalion is ethnic and religious solidarity with the Crimean Tatars. In particular, propaganda accuses the participants of neo-Nazism. Turan is the name of the territory inhabited by Iranian-speaking nomadic peoples. The battalion is formed partly from fighters from other units of the Ukrainian army, and partly from those who have not served before, but live on the territory of Ukraine. Religion in it is an important factor, as the head of the battalion Almaz Kudabek assures: those who protect the interests of the Kremlin and kill Ukrainians automatically renounce their religion.

4. But the most frequent targets are members of Hizb ut-Tahrir, an international political organization seeking to create a unified Muslim state where the Islamic way of life will be restored and where Muslim law will prevail. Although some of the ideas of the organization run counter to democratic values, it is still not criminal, and is also far from terrorism and violent actions. Propagandists accuse the members of the organization of religious extremism and a powerful anti-Russian underground on the peninsula. In fact, Hizb ut-Tahrir insists on peaceful methods of struggle. The work of Hizb ut-Tahrir is banned in Russia, China, and most Arab and Central Asian countries. In other states, in particular in the UK, Hizb ut-Tahrir operates openly. The community operated in the same way legally in Ukraine. However, after the annexation of Crimea, the Russians arrested more than 70 people in the Hizb ut-Tahrir case. Russian human rights activists consider the persecution of members of this organization politically motivated.

Russia is persecuting the most active members of political associations, and its propagandists do their best to discredit any Crimean Tatar initiatives. This indicates that the Russian intelligence services see a threat to the ability of the Crimean Tatars to organize themselves and identify their own political position that contradicts the Kremlin.

A clone page of the French newspaper Le Parisien has been spotted online, where the authors broadcast pro-Kremlin rhetoric and spread disinformation. For example, on a fake website, the newspapers published an article titled “Mass Escape for the sake of salvation from military slavery. Ukrainians are trying to avoid inevitable death on the front lines”.

Of course, such material has nothing to do with the official newspaper Le Parisien. However, in the fake material itself, misinformation was spread about evasion of mobilization and desertion, which seem to have been “long since common in Ukraine”. In addition, the authors of the material argued that the Ukrainian army is incompetent and loses to the Russian, more combat-ready army.

French journalist Fabrice Despres drew attention to the fake Le Parisien page and explained that the design of the fake site is really very similar to the original one, only the domain name is different. For example, the address of a fake website is leparisien.ltd, and a real newspaper is leparisien.fr. The navigation set up on the fake site (link to other materials\subscription) directs the reader to the real Le Parisien site. Moreover, the false page does not ask one to agree with the collection of cookies.

They are currently investigating who is behind the spread of disinformation and anti-Ukraine narratives.

In social networks, in particular, in the Ukrainian segment of Facebook, information was disseminated about payments from Privat bank and Raiffeisen bank. Allegedly, users of a particular bank can receive a cash reward in the amount of 7300 hryvnia. To receive a reward, the authors of the messages offer to follow the link.

Fact-checkers of NotaYenota say that in this way the authors mislead Ukrainians as most of the messages are replicated by the social network using an advertising tool. That is, unknown people set up ads on a social network with a message about “cash assistance”. Thus, the likely number of users who may encounter a fraudulent post increases. Fact-checkers also explained that in Ukraine there is a single register of social payments - eDopomoha (eHelp). There one can find up-to-date information about payments. All other sites offering assistance with a similar domain (for example, “edopomoga gov.ua”) are fraudulent.

On May 8th, Volodymyr Zelenskyi signed a decree on celebrating Europe Day in Ukraine on May 9th. The Day of Remembrance and Victory over Nazism in World War II is proposed to be celebrated on May 8th. Against the backdrop of these changes, many disinformation messages were circulated in pro-Russian anonymous telegram channels, with the help of which Russia imposes its own interpretation of events on the audience. Analysts of Detector Media have identified the most common of them.

1. Zelenskyi gave back Victory Day to Russia, although the Ukrainians are the victorious people. 

Indeed, the Ukrainians fought against Nazism as part of different armies of the world, because they were a stateless people. More than 7 million Ukrainians fought the Third Reich in the Red Army. In addition, they fought in the armies of the United States, Great Britain, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Canada and other countries. That is why the authorities proposed to celebrate the Day of Remembrance and victory over Nazism together with the rest of the world. However, this does not mean that Ukraine is abandoning the role of the winner altogether, as anonymous telegrams are trying to convince the audience, reinforcing the recurring propaganda narrative that “Ukrainians are Nazis”, because they are abandoning the so-called Victory Day over this phenomenon. This decision only means that now Ukraine will celebrate Remembrance Day on May 8th, like most countries of the world.

2. There is no point in celebrating Europe Day because the European countries surrendered to the Nazis or were their allies.

In fact, even in the countries occupied by Germany and the allied states, there was a powerful resistance movement against the Nazis. Moreover, such states as Czechoslovakia and Poland, although they were under occupation, had their own military formations as part of the armies of other countries. For example, people from Transcarpathia, who at that time were citizens of Czechoslovakia, in 1943 made up the majority in the First Separate Czechoslovak Brigade. This unit fought against the Nazis as part of the Red Army and distinguished itself in the battles for the liberation of Kharkiv and the Kyiv offensive. As for the struggle against Nazism in European countries, we should mention the Warsaw Uprising, the Slovak National Uprising, the Resistance Movement in France, etc. That is, Europe also fought against Nazism. By spreading such messages, anonymous telegram channels are trying to discredit European allies by outlining their historical past to the Ukrainian audience. Thus, propaganda theses are being promoted that only the “fraternal Russian people”, without the help of Europe, together with the Ukrainians defeated Nazism.

3. Ukraine refused May 9 to please Western partners.

With this message, anonymous users of social networks are promoting the thesis of Russian propaganda that Ukraine is a puppet of the West in order to deprive Ukraine of legitimacy and sovereignty in decision-making in the eyes of propaganda consumers. In fact, the celebration of Europe Day was synchronized with this holiday in the EU countries, and the celebration of the Day of Remembrance and Victory will also take place along with Europe.

4. The authorities will ban Ukrainians from bringing flowers to the monuments to those who died in World War II. For this one can get a prison sentence.

In fact, according to the law on decommunization, honoring the memory of those who died in World War II, laying flowers at monuments or taking to the streets of veterans with medals (which anonymous telegrams were also noted) is not considered a crime. Only the public display of Nazi and communist totalitarian symbols is punished. At the same time, these symbols are not considered prohibited if they are placed on state awards, commemorative medals and other awards that were awarded before 1991 and during 1991-2015 in connection with the anniversary of the events of World War II. Anonymous telegram channels spread such messages in order to intimidate the audience and discredit Ukraine, identifying it with totalitarian states.

Similar information appeared in the social networks of the Lithuanian segment. The reports say that Lithuanians received fake letters in the mail on behalf of the Lithuanian Ministry of Defense. The letters note that Lithuanians are allegedly recruited into the trilateral Lithuanian-Polish-Ukrainian brigade named after Kostiantyn Ostrozkyi the Great Hetman, and then sent to the Ukrainian front.

The Institute of mass information drew attention to this case and explained that the department of the Lithuanian Ministry of Defense refutes this information. The ministry also stated that Lithuanian citizens are not called up to serve in the trilateral Lithuanian-Polish-Ukrainian brigade named after Kostiantyn Ostrozkyi the Great Hetman as this international brigade operates under a separate mandate.

Unknown people use the kariuomene[.]com domain to spread false information, through which they send fake letters and convince Lithuanians that they will be sent to the front.

In early April, Russia adopted a large package of amendments to the Federal Law “On military duty and military service”. In the previous edition, the law allowed military registration and enlistment offices to send draft notices by registered mail. Now they have adopted an amendment that allows serving electronic draft notices on the website of the Russian “state services”.

According to Meduza, the Russian media received “recommendations” to cover the bill. The author of the “recommendations” is the Russian Ministry of Defense, and they allegedly “quickly correct the shortcomings of the military accounting system that they discovered in 2022”.

Russian propaganda should explain to conscripts that “the new system is human-oriented, convenient, minimizes direct contacts with military registration and enlistment offices and the possibility of errors”, and “those who deliberately evade military service do not fulfill their constitutional duty, and it should be clearly understood that they will be held accountable”, and “a person who has run away from service cannot be in more privileged conditions than a person who is fulfilling their constitutional and civic duty”.

Thus, propagandists want to smooth out the reaction of society to the adoption of new norms. The very adoption of the new system seems to be connected with rumors about the counteroffensive of the Ukrainian troops - Russia should counter something in response, for example, “millions under arms”. Earlier, Detector Media wrote about the manual of the Russian media on how to cover “partial” mobilization.

There are fake websites of the Ukrainian edition “Ukrainska pravda” (Ukrainian truth) and the news agency “Ukrinform” on the network. The authors of the fake site publish fake news there, and then telegram channels that broadcast pro-Kremlin rhetoric intercept this “news” and talk about supposedly Ukrainian agendas.

Specialists of the Center for Counteracting Disinformation under the National Security and Defense Council determined that in this way the authors affectionately spread the desired anti-Ukrainian narratives or fakes. Fact-checkers give an example of news allegedly from Ukrinform, which says that a bill has been submitted to the Ukrainian Parliament forbidding making videos and taking photos in cemeteries. However, there is no such bill, it is not true.

At the same time, the editor of “Ukrainska pravda” reported that their online media had nothing to do with the new site. Analysts of the Center for Counteracting Disinformation urge to check the domain (name) of the site, and if it differs from the original one (has characteristic ru-domains or the site name is disfigured, letters are omitted, etc.), this is not a real site.

On TikTok, there is a fake account of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine Valerii Zaluzhnyi. Unknown people speculate on the theme of the war and publish videos about supposedly “live broadcasts from the front” or “diaries of the counteroffensive”.

The case was taken up by the fact-checkers of the project “Beyond the News”, who investigated that in this way it is beneficial for the authors to spread fakes and Kremlin narratives. For example, in one of the videos, the authors depicted the “top of euro banknotes” with the inscription: “Do you want to join the team? Leave a comment”. In this way, they promote the narrative about the existence of so-called “foreign mercenaries” on the battlefield, whose main goal is to make as much money as possible in the war.

Fact-checkers are sure that neither Valerii Zaluzhnyi nor the representative office of the Armed Forces of Ukraine was involved in the creation of this page. At the same time, fact-checkers believe that the authors are trying to increase activity on the TikTok account by publishing emotional videos from the so-called “live broadcasts at the front”.

And the TikTok account itself is tied to one of the telegram channels, which spreads false information about the “missile radar”, which is ready to track every missile or flying object. Analysts of Detector Media have already talked about the “missile radar” and why it does not exist.

The official pages of the “Russia house” in Warsaw publish reports about how Russia allegedly plans to restore and build more than 360 schools and kindergartens in the Donbas.

Analysts of the Polish project Demagog drew attention to this. They found out that such a message appeared on the official page of the “Russia house” in Warsaw on March 27 in Polish and Russian languages. One of the commentators of the message notes that “the restoration of, for example, MARIUPOL is something incredible” and “the city is being rebuilt at an unprecedented speed”.

Thus, propagandists want to justify the actions of the Russians and “smooth over the blame”. Schools and kindergartens would not have needed to be restored if Russia had not destroyed them. In addition, the report mentions planning to “restore eight buildings of the Azov State Technical University”, which was destroyed as a result of Russian attacks.

“Russian houses” in Poland are constantly spreading Russian disinformation, as they are directly subordinate to the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Detector Media has already written about how this institution spread pro-Russian rhetoric on the anniversary of the annexation of Crimea.

Communities with names like “Military speaks” or “Voice of the common people of Ukraine” have become more active in social networks, spreading pro-Russian manipulative rhetoric. Analysts of the project “Beyond the News” drew attention to this.

They analyzed the creation and content history of four Facebook groups, namely “Military speaks”, “Military says”, “Military truthfully”, and “Automechanic says”. They were created on March 14 and 21 this year. In the description of the communities there is also a link to a telegram channel with a similar name, created on March 17th. To these pages, analysts also add the pages “Military speaks (CrazyNews)” and “Voice of the common people of Ukraine”, despite the fact that they were created several years ago. At first, these two groups published information about employment in Poland, but in February of this year they changed the appearance of their messages to republish videos from TikTok and Telegram.

The message of these messages is the same: “do not trust the Ukrainian authorities”. The administrators of these pages actively use information guides, distorting the message of the authors of the primary sources published on the pages. To do this, they add emotional titles or video comments. In addition, publications of other well-known fake makers are distributed on these pages.

The administrator of the telegram channel mentioned in the description of the pages is an account under the nickname Serhii Pekh. His video message can also be found on some of the communities mentioned. Analysts of the project “Beyond the News” found out that this person has nothing to do with the Armed Forces of Ukraine. He positions himself as an expert on the legalization of Ukrainians in Poland and an influencer. According to analysts, these communities were probably created for their further resale and monetization of content in general, using an increased level of trust in the military.

Thus, for the sake of profit, administrators play along with one of the goals of Russian propagandists - to cause distrust in the Ukrainian authorities and destabilize the situation in society by creating panic.

Twitter has a network of bots that, under the guise of ordinary users, spread anti-Ukrainian narratives, while applying social network trends. For example, under the hashtag #harniunia (cutie), such bots talk about a “nuclear strike” that “Russia has prepared and is about to strike”. Or they are convinced that Ukraine is doing the dirty work of the United States by fighting Russia. However, the most popular publications are distributed with the thesis that “the Union of Poland and Ukraine is futile”, because, they say, Poland should “somehow” take care of itself.

Thus, bots use a popular hashtag among Twitter users to destabilize sentiment and gently spread what they want. Like, if it is distributed by ordinary users, it is worth thinking about the information. However, the disseminated Russian narratives and anti-Ukrainian messages are part of the Russian propaganda used by Moscow against Ukraine and Ukrainians.

Such information appeared in the Ukrainian segment of social networks, in particular, on Facebook. The authors of the messages create separate communities and through them distribute posts with photographs of mutilated Ukrainian high-rise buildings with an appeal to write “Amen” in the comments and follow the link. Allegedly, after that the priest will pray for the people and there will be peace, there will be a victory for Ukraine.

The fact-checkers of the NotaYenota project drew attention to the case, referring to the NGO “CLEAR INFO”, which determined that these pages are supervised by a Chinese sect. At the same time, the groups are administered mainly in Spain. According to fact-checkers, active commentators are being recruited into a Chinese sect, which is now banned in that country. This is the so-called “Church of Almighty God”.

If you click on a link in messages with a call to write “Amen”, people are sent to the Facebook messenger. This is a chat with the user “Church of Almighty God”, where they offer to take part in an “international online lecture on the topic: How to get out of trouble and receive God's blessing”. They also promise that “this is a conversation that will give God's blessing, and the priest will pray for the will of all the faithful present”.

After that, the “Church of Almighty God” asked to add user “Oksana Oksana” as a friend, because “only she can add to the group” where the sermon will take place. Thus, Ukrainians continue to be recruited into the sect. New participants are recruited in a similar way in many countries, including Spanish speakers. If in the case of Ukraine communities mimic Orthodox Christians, in Western countries they mimic Catholics.

The “Church of Almighty God” (or “Eastern Lightning”) is a religious community that originated in China in 1991. Its founder, Zhao Wenshan, fled China in 2000 for the United States, where he received political asylum as a man persecuted by religious views. The main teaching of the sect is that the expected Second Coming of Christ has already arrived and that He lives now in the form of the Chinese Yan Xiangbin. This Chinese woman, according to the information available on the network, went to the United States with the founder of the sect and is (or at least was at that time) in a relationship with him.

The BBC Disinformation Team found that the UK-registered publication Yala News has Syrian roots and distributes content that reflects the theses of the Russian propaganda media.

BBC analysts tracked Yala News's most popular videos over the course of a year and found that many of them resonated with Russia-sponsored disinformation. Thus, Yala News reported on the US plans to use birds as a biological weapon to carry diseases to Russia, the staging of massacres of civilians in Bucha, Zelenskyi’s video message to Ukrainians allegedly intoxicated, and the flight of the Ukrainian military from the front line. All this news was first published in the Russian propaganda media, and after a few hours such videos appeared on Yala News.

The analysts also said that the Yala Group (the parent company of Yala News) is registered in central London at an address shared with more than 65,000 other firms. There are no physical offices or Yala Group employees there.

With the help of geolocation tools, the BBC team was able to find photos of employees and offices of the Yala Group on Facebook. They are located in the suburbs of Damascus. Most of the employees' social media profiles also show they are based in the Syrian capital. This information was confirmed by one of the former employees of the company.

The founder and CEO of Yala Group, Syrian businessman Ahmad Moemna, lives in Dubai. When asked by the BBC team about the presence of pro-Russian videos on Yala News, he replied that the content provided on this news resource is objective and impartial.

However, specialists in the study of Russian disinformation told the BBC that the timing of the distribution of news videos and their similarity to the Kremlin theses may indicate that Yala News is likely serving as a tool for disseminating Russian propaganda through foreign media, so as not to look like these theses come directly from the Kremlin.

Russia often tries to spread misinformation to international audiences. For example, Detector Media investigated what kind of disinformation narratives Russia is spreading in Eastern Europe in order to achieve political goals.

Finland is a neutral state, after Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, it radically changed its status and became the 31st member of the largest military-political alliance. Now Russia borders NATO on the entire western border (except for Ukraine and puppet Belarus) and the Alliance controls the vast majority of the coast of the Baltic Sea. If Ukraine's desire to join NATO supposedly forced Russia to launch a preemptive strike through an invasion (first in 2014, then in 2022), then the real accession of neighboring Finland to the Alliance caused a much weaker reaction. Putin said that Moscow does not have such problems with Helsinki as with Kyiv. That is, there are no territorial disputes or other types of confrontations, which is why the reaction to Finland's entry into NATO is so soft. Such statements by the Kremlin sound like attempts to justify themselves and smooth things over. Russia reacted to Finland's accession to NATO with a number of propaganda messages, we have highlighted some of them.

1. Russian propagandists made a number of “strict remarks”. Allegedly, Finland has become a state unfriendly to Russia, so the Kremlin will “take military-technical measures” in response to NATO expansion. This message is intended to assure the domestic audience that Russia is ready for different scenarios. Allegedly, Russia is making a symmetrical (actually rather symbolic) retaliatory step. And although the border between NATO and Russia has doubled, if necessary, the Kremlin can fight back. But does a change in the geopolitical vector really mean an “anti-Russian turn”? Joining NATO is about own security and the security of the region, and not about hostility towards Russia.

2. Propagandists claim that Finland's membership in NATO means the loss of Finnish sovereignty and geopolitical weight. According to them, Finland has become one of the weak world players, which does not decide anything in international affairs. In fact, joining NATO means strengthening the defense capability, and collective security only reinforces the synergy and complementarity of the forces of the allies. Such remarks on the part of the Kremlin propagandists are an attempt to shift the attention and present the biggest problem of Moscow: the entry of a neighboring state into an unfriendly (according to Russia) military-political union is a problem of Finland itself.

3. Joining the Alliance will be costly for Finland. The key indicator of allied military spending reaches 2% of GDP, so the state’s economy will barely “pull” the defense budget, this will hit the pockets of ordinary Finns, Russian propaganda assures. After the start of Russian military aggression against Ukraine, NATO countries faced the need to increase defense spending, so the next summit in Vilnius may agree on a minimum level of defense spending for NATO members at the level of 2%, which was previously considered a desirable indicator. In fact, in 2022, Finland’s defense budget has almost reached the coveted mark of 1.96%, so the manipulation of the Russians looks unconvincing. Rather, this is another attempt to divert attention from the main issue - the fact of entry - from the topic of economics.

4. NATO does not plan to deploy its troops in Finland. Propaganda is trying to reassure that Russia has everything under control, and the actions of the Alliance on its eastern flank will be coordinated with the Kremlin. Again, this is a game for the domestic audience and an attempt to reassure the discouraged Russians, who were told that the next wave of NATO expansion to the east was unacceptable, but when it took place, the propaganda began to assure that nothing terrible had happened, because NATO soldiers in Scandinavia will not approach the Russian border.

5. Finland is in NATO, and Ukraine is led by the nose with promises. Like, Finland easily joined the Alliance, while Ukraine is on a thorny path because of the war, huge losses and unpopular reforms. Thus, Russian propaganda wants to devalue the Euro-Atlantic course of Ukraine and convince that Kyiv's hopes of joining NATO are useless. In reality, a state that is at war cannot be accepted into the organization, because this will automatically mean the activation of the fifth article of the Washington Treaty (an attack on any ally is regarded as an attack on the entire Alliance). In 2018, Ukraine was recognized as an aspiring country (a state intending to become a member of the Alliance). And in 2022, Ukraine announced that it was applying to join NATO, however, this document is purely political and has no legal significance. Despite this, Ukraine is a candidate for membership, and we have every chance to realize our intention after the final victory of Ukraine in the war.

On April 4, former US President Donald Trump was formally arrested in order to be charged in court on 34 paragraphs in criminal proceedings for financial fraud. They are talking about the manipulation of funds intended for the Trump campaign during the 2016 presidential election. The case was the first in history criminal proceedings opened against the President of the United States. This information drive interested the authors of anonymous telegram channels spreading pro-Russian rhetoric. Detector Media singled out the main theses from their messages.

Trump's arrest should be regarded as US interference in the presidential election

Propagandists claim that the arrest of Donald Trump is a trick of the Democrats in power. They say that the opponents are afraid of a stronger competitor, and it is no coincidence that the process fell precisely at the beginning of his new election campaign.

Thus, the authors of such messages play along with the message of Trump himself that the results of the American presidential elections are easy to rig. This he claimed during his loss in the 2020 elections, calling them rigged. As of 2021, Donald Trump appeared in a number of criminal cases not only as a witness, so the new criminal proceedings against him cannot be called sudden. In particular, we are talking about cases of financial fraud in the Trump Organization fund, fraud with tax documents, neglection of the US Constitution during the presidency, abuse of power, sexual harassment and fraud during the distribution of family heritage. However, American law does not prohibit campaigning even with suspicion in a criminal case, which Donald Trump is now using.

If Trump wins the next election, Joe Biden should be arrested for his son's machinations in Ukraine and sanctions should be lifted against Derkach and Dubinskyi.

Propagandists claim that current US President Joe Biden has many more sins than Trump. An example of this is the situation with the Ukrainian company Burisma, which was led by Hunter Biden, the son of the American president. Moreover, according to propagandists, Trump, subject to his return to the White House, must lift sanctions from Ukrainian ex-people's deputies Andrii Derkach and Oleksandr Dubinskyi, because allegedly they were right and tried to expose Biden's deals.

Thus, propagandists substitute concepts and divert attention from Trump's actions. Like, Trump is bad, but others are even worse. The details of the Burisma scandal were already actively discussed during the impeachment of Donald Trump in 2019, when he tried to put pressure on Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyi. Trump has demanded a speedy investigation into the Burisma case in exchange for military and financial assistance.

Trump trial judge is incompetent

In their messages, propagandists refer to Politico materials that the judge conducting the current proceedings against the ex-president of the United States is biased, therefore the consideration of the case is unfair and cannot be recognized as legitimate. The authors of the messages draw such conclusions on the basis of the fact that the judge issued sentences that are disappointing for Trump in a number of other cases related to the finances of the ex-president and his institutions. However, they are far-fetched, since they are made purely on the basis of the above statements.

By spreading such messages, propagandists want to show that the American judiciary is corrupt and cannot be trusted. Like, the United States teaches us, but they themselves have a lot of problems. However, propagandists once again take specific statements out of context. The original materials on this topic say that the judge is not biased. On the contrary, it is said that he is better suited to the case due to significant experience with cases involving Trump.

Now the US will forget about the war in Ukraine

Anonymous telegram channels broadcasting pro-Russian rhetoric claim that the Donald Trump case will attract attention in the information space of the United States, so Ukrainians can already forget about support from the United States. Like, everyone will now think about the elections of 2024 and the fate of Trump.

Thus, the authors of the messages seek to show that the United States is gradually distancing itself from the war in Ukraine. However, the next face-to-face meeting on this Trump case will take place in December this year. Accordingly, Trump will continue to attract the attention of the world only as part of his presidential campaign. The war in Ukraine is one of the main issues among the programs of potential candidates, and even Trump does not bypass it.

Even if Trump is found guilty, the maximum he will receive is a fine.

Propagandists say: no one will jail Trump, they don’t give prisoners for financial fraud, so one shouldn’t worry.

In this case, they play down the problem and leave hope for Trump's return to the White House. During the first days of Russia's full-scale invasion, the ex-president praised Putin, and now, during his election campaign, he repeats that he would end the war in 24 hours. Numerous investigations during his presidency proved Trump's ties to Russia, which influenced his political decisions. This explains the hopes of the Russians - Trump can isolate the United States from the war in Ukraine and play in favor of Russia. However, the current proceedings are criminal, not administrative, and as a result, the ex-president can really be put behind bars. However, American law does not prohibit campaigning even from there.

On the anniversary of the annexation of Crimea, Russian institutions of public diplomacy in Poland, namely the “Russian houses” in Gdansk and Warsaw, distributed propaganda rhetoric on their official pages on social networks.

Analysts of the Polish project Demagog drew attention to this. In particular, they found reposts of a mini-rally on the occasion of congratulations for Russia on the “reunification of Crimea” from the Polish people on the Facebook pages of “Dom” (House). They say that the Poles really support Russia and have long recognized Crimea as part of Russia. However, the video that was distributed on these pages shows that only a few people can be found at the “rally”.

“Russian houses” is an institution aimed at spreading Russian culture and language abroad. However, since it is directly subordinate to the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, its rhetoric coincides with that of the department. The case involving the annexation of Crimea is not alone. Specialists from the same Demagog project also talked about how the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine were called Russian ones on the official accounts of “Russian houses” in social networks. Thus, the propagandists want to try to legitimize the violation of international law, which is in fact the temporary occupation of Ukrainian lands.

Propagandists are constantly spreading information that allegedly neighboring countries of Ukraine from its western border are preparing to attack and occupy part of it. If earlier anonymous one-time accounts were used for this, now pro-Russian bloggers are also spreading such rhetoric.

Analysts of the NotaYenota project drew attention to this tendency. They noticed that in the network of telegram channels spreading Russian rhetoric, there were more messages that Romania and Poland were already preparing to occupy Ukraine, and the local population was only happy about this. Like, why does Ukraine need evil Europe which divided it. NotaYenota specialists also claim that such activation occurred simultaneously with the launch of targeted advertising for materials with a similar message.

In this way propagandists want to again divert attention from the crimes of the Russians and shift responsibility for them to other forces. Like, Russia allegedly cares about the Ukrainians, and Europe is only looking for an opportunity to stab in the back and betray Ukraine. This is not the first time that Russians have resorted to such a message. Detector Media has already investigated the danger of the narrative that Poland is allegedly going to occupy the Ukrainian western part.